_-_Upper_and_under_surface_of_a_Dog%27s_cranium.png)
Upper and under surface of a Dog's cranium. (Flower's 'Introduction to the Osteology of the Mammalia,' figs 46, 47.
ap, apf, anterior palatine foramen; AS, alisphenoid; as, posterior opening of alisphenoid canal; BO, basioccipital; BS, basisphenoid; cf, condylar foramen; eam, external auditory meatus; ExO, exoccipital; flm, foramen lacerum medium; flp, foramen lacerum posterius; fm, foramen magnum; fo, foramen ovale; Fr, frontal; fr, foramen rotundum and anterior opening of alisphenoid canal; gf, glenoid fossa; gp, postglenoid process; io, infraorbital foramen; IP, interparietal; L, lachrymal; M, malar or jugal; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; oc, occipital condyle; op, optie foramen; Pa, parietal; Per, mastoid portion of perotie; pgf, postglenoid foramen; Pl, palatine; PMx, premaxilla; pof, postorbital process of frontal lobe; pp, paroccipital process; ppf, posterior palatine foramen; PS, presphenoid; Pt, pterygoid occipital; Sq, squamosal and its zygomatic process; Ty, tympanic or auditory hull; Vo, vomer.
