Appendix.
The letters of pacificus.
By Alexander Hamilton.
Number I.
As attempts are making, very dangerous to the peace, and, it is to be feared, not very friendly to the constitution of the United States, it becomes the duty of those who wish well to both, to endeavor to prevent their success.
The objections which have been raised against the proclamation of neutrality, lately issued by the president, have been urged in a spirit of acrimony and invective, which demonstrates that more was in view than merely a free discussion of an important public measure. They exhibit evident indications of a design to weaken the confidence of the people in the author of the measure, in order to remove or lessen a powerful obstacle to the success of an opposition to the government, which, however it may change its form according to circumstances, seems still to be persisted in with unremitting industry.
This reflection adds to the motives connected with the measure itself, to recommend endeavors, by proper explanations, to place it in a just light. Such explanations at least cannot but be satisfactory to those who may not themselves have leisure or opportunity for pursuing an investigation of the subject, and who may wish to perceive, that the policy of the government is not inconsistent with its obligations or its honor.
The objections in question fall under four heads:—
1. That the proclamation was without authority.
2. That it was contrary to our treaties with France.
3. That it was contrary to the gratitude which is due from this to that country for the succors afforded to us in our own revolution.
4. That it was out of time and unnecessary.
In order to judge of the solidity of the first of these objections, it is necessary to examine what is the nature and design of a proclamation of neutrality.
It is to make known to the powers at war, and to the citizens of the country whose government does the act, that such country is in the condition of a nation at peace with the belligerent parties, and under no obligations of treaty to become an associate in the war with either, and that this being its situation, its intention is to observe a correspondent conduct, by performing towards each the duties of neutrality; to warn all persons within the jurisdiction of that country, to abstain from acts
