EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT no number of the combination shall buy over or sell under a price to be fixed by a com mittee appointed by the members of the com bination, or to a combination by which the output of each member was limited in a simi lar manner. Generally speaking, then, a trade union may consist of any number of employers bound to each other by restrictive covenants." Mr. Pennant points out that the United States ".Trust," formed " by restrictive agree ments controlling the several members of a combination of manufacturers or traders so as to ensure complete uniformity of action in carrying on the trade and an entire cessation of competition among them " is exactly what the English law knows as a trade union. Such combinations have been declared illegal in numerous cases in the United States. "It is curious, then, to note that one of these trusts, worn out by a long struggle with the law in the land of its origin, would, on its arrival in the United Kingdom, find itself welcomed, not only as a lawful, but as a cherished and privileged institution. It could spread libels broadcast about its trade com petitors, it could hire men to obstruct their premises, it could bribe those who had con tracts with them to break them, it could use any means it might please to effect their ruin, without one penny of damages becoming recoverable against it." TRADE-MARKS (See Accounting). TORTS. General Principles of the Law of Torts, by Jno. C. Townes, LL.D., Austin, Texas, 1907.
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The author is Professor of Law in the Uni versity of Texas and states that his book is the result of fifteen years of classroom experi ence. It is intended for students, and deals chiefly with general principles applicable to all torts and only in the appendix briefly summarizes the Texas law as to particular kinds of torts. The book covers a somewhat wider field than many by including some subjects usually treated under the head of persons, agency, employers' liability or practice, espe cially in treating of the responsibility for torts. The book does not attempt full citation of cases and its notes are intended chiefly for illustration. While some of the author's defi nitions seem not scientifically correct, in most instances they are accurate and there is much originality of arrangement and statement. It should prove particularly valuable to stu dents intending to practice in our south western states. TORTS (See Boycotts). WILLS. " Appropriation of Trust Funds to Legacies," by Will C. Smith in the April Juridical Review (V. xix, p. 19), examines the English and Scotch decisions on cases where trustees under wills appropriate certain por tions of the trust estate to meet particular legacies payable at some future time, and questions arise as to the distribution of gain or loss arising from appreciation or deprecia tion of the appropriated share of the trust estate. WITNESSES. " A Recent Case of Patents' Privilege," by William A. Purrington, Bench and Bar (V. ix, p. 48).
