Differ-
ences be-
tween
Svetain-
bara and
Digam-
bara.
must be represented as nude and unadorned, and with
downcast eyes ; that women cannot obtain moksa ; that
Mahavira never married ; that once a saint had obtained
Kevala jnana he needed no food, but could sustain Hfe
without eating ; and finally the great point over which the
split occurred, that ascetics must be entirely nude, a decision
which condemns the one or two Digambara ascetics now
existing to live in the strict seclusion of a forest, somewhat
to the relief of the reformers of their sect, who are thus
saved from their interference. ^1
Hari-
bhadra
Sūri
There were several spiritual leaders of no great moment
who followed Vajrasena,^2 but the next of real importance
was the great Haribhadra Sūri.
Haribhadra was originally
a learned Brāhman and inordinately proud of his
knowledge. He was converted to Jainism through hearing
a Jaina nun named Yakanī recite a śloka which Haribhadra
could not understand; the nun referred him to her guru,
but the guru refused to explain it unless the inquirer first
received initiation as a Jaina monk,
which he accordingly did.
Two of Haribhadra's nephews, Haṁsa and
Paramahaṁsa, became his disciples, and later on he sent
^1 The Digambara also differ on certain historical details. The following, according to some authorities, is the list of Āċārya who came after Jambū Svāmī ; this list carries their records up to A.D. 216. Visnu, Nandimitra, Aparajita, Govardhana and Bhadrabahu, who all knew the twelve Ahga. These were followed by Visakhacarya, Paustilacarya, Ksatriya, Jayasena, Nagasena, Siddhartha, Dhritisena, Vijaya, Buddhimana, Ganadeva and Dharmasena ; all these eleven knew eleven Anga and ten Purva. Naksatra, Jayapala, Pandu, Dharmasena and Kamsacarya, who followed, knew only the texts of eleven Anga. Then came four men, Subhadeva, Yasobhadra, Mahlyasa and Lokacarya, who knew only one Anga.
^ His immediate follower was Candrasuri, under whom the name of the community was changed from Kodlgaccha to Candragaccha, only to be renamed VanavasTgaccha under the next leader, Samanta- bhadrasuri, owing to that ascetic's love of living in the forest.
Manadeva was the next Head of the community. He was waited on by four goddesses, and composed many mantras (called sdntisioira), against the plague that raged in Taxila. He was followed by Manatuiiga, the author of the Bhaktamarastotra. This stotra of forty- four verses was so powerful that each verse when repeated could break open a locked door !
