BHAGALPUR.
346 entered upon a
new phase
did not at once cease
renewed attempt
of
its
history.
The
but the prompt
disturbance was met
at
ravages of the hillmen
measures with which
each
succeeded in
eventually
producing the desired impression, and before the end of last century the country was finally freed from the inroads of the marauders. The prosperity of the District has gradually increased during the present century.
Cultivation
has spread
being rapidly extended person are safe.
trade
is
flourishing
the people are prosperous
education
is
and property and
There have been many changes of jurisdiction in the District, and it little by little lost the character of a South Gangetic tract, which it possessed when it came into our hands; in 1864, 700 square miles of country on the north of the river were added to it. A further transfer was made in 1874, when Kharakpur pargand was separated from Bhagalpur and attached to Monghyr District. The various jurisdictions has
are
now
all
conterminous.
Population.
of 1872
—The population of Bhagalpur was returned by the Census
(allowing for transfers since that date) at 1,824,738.
The
Census of 1881 disclosed a population of 1,966,158, being an increase of 141,420, or 775 per cent, in the nine years. Area of District, 4268 square miles number of towns and villages, 6177; number of houses, 331,787, of which 321,469 were occupied, and 10,318 unoccupied; average density of population, 46o‘67 per square mile towns or villages
per square mile, i'45; houses per square mile,
7774;
inhabitants per
Divided according to sex, males number 979,119, and females 987,039 proportion of males to total population, 49'8 per cent. Classified according to religion, Hindus number
occupied house,
6’i2.
1,764,304,
or
8974
per
cent.;
Muhammadans,
185,533,
or
9^44
Christians, 578; Jews, ii; and ‘others’ (hill tribes proThis does not, aboriginal beliefs), 15,732, or '8o per cent.
per cent.; fessing
however, include profess
all
The Census Report 3
The
i»
the aboriginal population,
some form of Hinduism, and are ranked
534 ;
many
of
whom now
as low-caste Hindus.
Hinduism Bhumijs, and 8977. 17,904;
returns the aboriginal tribes professing
the principal being Bhuiyas,
aboriginal tribes
still
outside
Hindu
influences, are the Santals,
—
The high-caste Hindus include Brahmans, 13,384; and Kols, 2322. 71,420; Rajputs, 60,491; Babhans, an inferior caste of Brahmans, 42,351; Ka5’asths, 21,810; and Baniyas, 35,173. The lower castes
—
Gwala, 343,830, the most numerous caste in the Dhanuk, 101,665; Koeri, 82,302; Kiirmi, 38,363; Madak, 22,312; Kandu, 34,724; Kumhar, 36,319; Tatwa, 42,609; Tanti,
of Hindus include District;
22,066; Napit, 33,927; Kahar, 28,902; Dhobi, 23,144; Tell, 66,946; Kalwar, 26,303; Kent, 35,516; Chamar, 76,407; Dosadh, 70,863; Dom, 17,124; Ghatwal, 11,989; Lohar, 15,284; Mallah, 18,915;
