BHARTPUR.
372
Paharpura stone quarries. This range becomes broken in the southern Dang.’ Other heights are part, helping to form the District called the Damdama, 1215 feet, and Mount Rasia in the north, 1059 feet. About 3 miles distant from Bhartpur city is a ridge running north-east to ‘
south-west, about 3 miles long, the highest point of which, Madhoni, is 714 feet, a position with sufficient altitude to command the city with
modern
The
artillery. .State is
poor
in mineral products, except building stone.
precious stones are found
known
geologically
Upper
as
No
but the stone from the south of Bhartpur,
Bhanner
Agra, Delhi, and Fatehpur
Si'kri,
has
sandstone,
monuments of
materials for the most celebrated
as well
the
furnished
Mughal dynasty
as supplying
at
the cities of
Mathura (Muttra), Dig, and Bhartpur. The palaces at Dig, considered the most beautiful in India, testify to the excellence of this stone. There are two monoliths near Ruphas, which show the immense blocks the quarries yield one is a column 34' 6" long,
among
—
2'
with an average diameter of 42' 6" X 5' 6" X 4' on an average.
The State
is
in Jaipur
in
Kakand,
the
scantily supplied with rivers,
or even perennial.
rising
ii";
The
principal are the
The
last
parallelopiped
none of them being navigable Banganga or Utangan, rising
and flowing through Bhartpur from west Alwar territory; the Gambir, rising rising in Karauli.
a
other
to east; the Ruparel, in
and the sudden rises,
Jaipur;
two are subject
to
but are generally fordable.
The population of the State in 1881 was returned at 645,540, or 32 7‘o per square mile; classified according to religion, there were of Musalmans, males Hindus, males 290,872, females 244,495; and of Jains, 4499. By caste. Brahmans 57,180, females 48,486 were returned at 70,973; Rajputs, 6107; Baniyd, or trading class,
39,301;
Giijars,
43>865
Jats,
53,967;
Ahi'rs,
5409; Minas, 12,139;
Chamars, 88,584; and Dhakurs, 5708.
The country
is
popularly
the language, Brij-bhasha,
known is
as Brij, or the land of Krishna,
a village patois.
Bhartpur
is
and
the only Jat
any magnitude in India, and perhaps the only State in which a great proportion of the people belong to the same race as the The chief towns are Bhartpur, Dig, Biana AVer nobles and princes. Bhiwani, Kaman, Kumbher, Ruphas. Probably the first authentic information respecting the History remote ancestors of the present possessor of Bhartpur is to be found in Ferishta, who states that in 1026 a band of Jats molested Mahmud of Ghazni on his return from Gujarat (Guzerat), and were nearly exterminated by him. In 1397, Tamerlane, marching towards Delhi, fell in with and massacred a horde of the same race, who were even then noted freebooters. In 1526, the army of Babar was harassed by them principality of
.
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