280 Jownal of Philology. Notices of New Books. Were "heretics" ever burned alive at Rome? London, Petheram, 1852, pp. 56. Records of the Roman Inquisition : Dublin, at the Uni- versity Press, 1853, pp. 23. [If any doubt survive as to the former of these topics, it ought cer- tainly to bo dispelled by publications like the present. Mr Gibbings of Raymunterdoney, was incited to translate and edit the original docu- ments which they contain, by reading in the Dublin Review, (June, 1850, p. 457,) that the Roman Inquisition "has never been known to order the execution of capital punishment." The case of Fra Fulgentio Man- fredi, who was burnt on Sunday, July 4, 1610, by the immediate autho- rity of pope Paul V., and at the instigation of the cardinals, is a clear instance of the contrary. A detailed report of the proceedings against him is preserved in the original MS. brought from Italy by a French officer. The same unchristian spirit is betrayed in the second of these docu- ments, which relates to an earlier prosecution for heresy, conducted by no less a personage than Carlo Borromeo, "Inquisitor deputatus," in 1564. The subject of it was a friar of Mileto, who was sentenced by Borromeo to be walled up (" murato in un loco circondato da quattro mura") : but on escaping was burnt in effigy. Both the tracts, we need scarcely say, are edited by Mr Gibbings with his wonted accuracy and intelligence.] C. H. Three Treatises by John WrcKLTFFE, D.D., now first printed from a manu- script in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, with notes and a Glossary, by James Henthorn Todd, D.D. : Dublin, Hodges and Smith. [Dr Todd has already done good service in this field of literature. In 1840 he edited The Last Age of the Church, a work composed, as there is every reason to believe, by Wycliffe at the outset of his public life. "We are also indebted to Dr Todd for a most careful and scholarliko edition of the Apology for tlie Lollards, which appeared in 1842 among the publications of the (historical) Camden Society. It forms a second manifesto of the same important school, although it cannot fairly claim to be the work of their great leader. Those who wish to study it in order to determine the true characteristics of the Lollards should com- pare another recent publication entitled by its editor (Mr Forshall), a Remonstrance against Romish Corruptions. But all these works in real interest fall short of the treatises which Dr Todd has lately brought to light. The first is on ' The Church and her members ;' tho second on the * Apostacy,' or grievous aberrations, ' of tho clergy/ and tho third on
- Antichrist and his meynee/ or dependents. One at least may bo con-
fidently assigned to the closing year of Wycliffo's life ; and all of them are fearless expositions of his views as they were held in the final stage
