BKOSNA. 397 BROUGH. style of architecture, erected in 1854 at a cost of 1,600. In 1711 a spring of petroleum was discovered near Broseley, which at one time yielded several barrels of oil daily. It almost entirely disappeared on the sinking of a coal-pit near the spot about 1755. The market is on Vednesday, and fairs are held on the last Tuesday in April and the 28th October. BROSNA, a par. in the bar. of Trughanacmy, in the co. of Kerry, prov. of Munster, Ireland, 1 1 miles to the S.E. of Listowel. It is situated in a mountainous dis- trict, with large tracts of bog, on the banks of the small river Clydagh. The parish is very extensive, spreading over an urea of 11,960 acres. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Limerick, Ardfert, and Aghadoe, of the val. of l-jii, in the gift of the bishop. There is no church. BKOSNA, a vil. in the par. of Shinrone, and bar. of CKinlisk, King's County, in the prov. of Lcinster, Ire- land, 4 miles to the N.W. of Roscrea. It is seated at the foot of the Slievebloom Mountains, on the Little Brosna river, a feeder of the Shannon, into which it falls below Bannagher. There is a police station in the Blage. IROTHERCROSS HUNDRED, one of the 33 hunds. subdivisions of the co. of Norfolk, situated in the _ item parliamentary div. of the co., and bounded on the . by the German Ocean, on the E. by the hund. of North Greenhoe, on the S. by the hund. of Gallow, and on tli,' W. by the hund. of Smithdon. It contains the pars, of Burnham Deepdalc, Burnham Norton, Burnham Ovtry, Burnham Thorpe, Burnham Sutton, Burnham Ulph, Burnham Westgate, North Creake, South Qreake, and Watcrden. It comprises an area of about 18,720 acres. BROTHERICK. See BROTHEIIWICK, Northumberland. BROTHERTOFT, a chplry. in the par. and wap. of Kirton, parts of Holland, in the co. of Lincoln, 4 miles to the N. W. of Boston. The Boston and Lincoln branch of the Great Northern railway passes near it. There are charitable endowments for the benefit of the poor, which produce about 40 per annum. ( BROTHERTON, a par. in the lower div. of the wap. of Barkstone Ash, in the West Riding of the co. of York, 8 miles to the N.E. of Pontefract. It is situated on the banks of the river Aire, not far from the Midland rail- <l contains the tnshps. of Brotherton, Byrome with 1'oole, and Sutton. Good limestone is abundant in the diotrict. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of York, of the val. of 192, in the patron, of the Dean and Chap- ter of York. The church is dedicated to St. Edward the Confessor. The Wesleyans have a chapel here, and there are some charities of small value, including a be- quest for a school. This place gave the surname He mntherton to Thomas Plantagenet, son of Edward I., afterwards created Earl of Norfolk. He was born on the 1st June, 1300, his mother, Queen Margaret, being here at the time with a hunting party. BEOTHERWICK, or BROTHERICK, a tnshp. in the par. of Warkworth, ward of Coquetdale, in the co. of Northumberland, 6 miles to the S.E. of Alnwick. It ib situated on the N. bank of the river Coquet. BROTTON, a par. in the eastern div. of the lib. of Langliaurgh, North Hiding of the co. of York, C miles to the N.E. of Guisborough. It is situated on the sea- coast, and includes the tnshps. of Kilton and Skinin- grove. The living is a perpet. cur. annexed to that of Skvlton, in the dioc. of York. The church stands on the summit of a lofty ridge commanding a good sea view. BKOUGH, a tnshp. joined with Shatton, in the par. of Hope, hund. of High Peak, in the co. of Derby, 3 miles to the E. of Castleton. It is watered by two brooks, called thn Bradwell and the Noe, which here unite. Near their junction is Brough Castle, the site of a Roman station, where coins, busts, and other Roman antiquities have been found. A castle is said to have stood here belonging to the Peverils. BROUGH, or BURGH-UNDER-STAINMORE, a par. and market town in East ward, in the co. of West- moreland, 8 miles to the S.E. of Appleby, and 261 N.W. of London. The South Durham and Lancashire Union railway, from Barnard Castle to Tebay, has a station at Barras-on-Stainmore, in this parish. Another line, the Eden Valley, runs from Kirkby-Stephen to Clifton, passing about 2 miles from Brough, and connects the Lancaster and Carlisle with the Stockton and Darlington railway. The par., which is 8 miles in length, by 5 in breadth, lies on the confines of York- shire, in a wild and hilly country on the river Eden, and contains the tnshps. of Sowerby and Hilbeck, and the chplry. of Staiumore. The town is supposed to stand on the site of the ancient Roman Verterm, a station on the Watling Street. A castle was founded here at a very early period, and the town was of some importance before the Norman Conquest. The town was sacked and tU^ftistle nearly destroyed by William, King of Scotland, in 1174. After being restored, and again nearly demolished by an accidental fire, in 1521, the castle was again restored in 1661, by Anne Clifford, Countess of Pembroke. Some parts of the building still remain, but in a very dilapidated con- dition. The town consists chiefly of one long street, and is intersected by a small stream, a branch of the Eden. The two parts of the town are distinguished as Church Brough and Market Brough. There are iron and lead mines in the vicinity, and some quarries of lime- stone and freestone. Coals are also worked, but are of inferior quality. There is a flour-mill, formerly part of a cotton-mill. A good posting trade was carried on here before the introduction of railways. Brough is a polling place for the county, and petty sessions are held here the first Thursday in every month. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Carlisle, of the val. of 492, in the patron, of the Provost and Fellows of Queen's College, Oxford, to whom this church was appropriated, in 1344, by Pope Clement VI., they having previously received a grant of the advowson from Edward III. The church, situated in Church Brough, is a very ancient structure, with a good tower built in 1513, and is dedicated to St. Michael. It contains some fine stained windows, much disfigured by careless repairs, and several monu- ments. The pulpit is carved out of a single stone. There is a church at Staimnore, the living of which is a perpet. cur., val. 1 19, in the gift of Sir R. Tufton, Bart. The Baptists, Wesleyans, and Primitive Methodists have chapels in the town. Here was formerly a free gram- mar school, which had part of the endowment of a hospital, founded in 1506 by John Brunskill. It is now incorporated with the National school, which receives a government grant of 7 per annum. Many Roman coins and other remains have been discovered here. On Stainmore is part of the Rere Cross, an ancient boun- dary mark. Thursday is the market day. Fairs are held on the second Thursday in every month from January to April, on the Thursday before Whitsuntide, and on the 30th September. That of September, called Brough Hill fair, is held on a common 2 miles from the town, and is noted as a large fair for cattle, hardware, apparel, and general merchandise. On the Eve of the Epiphany there was an annual procession here, called the " Carrying of the Holling or Holy Tree," a festival supposed to be peculiar to this place, but it has recently been discontinued. BROUGH, or BROUGH DUNNET, a vil. in the co. of Caithness, Scotland, 4 miles to the N. of Castletown. It is on the coast not far from Dunnet Head, and has a small haven. BROUGH, or BROUGH FERRY, ahmlt. in the par. of Elloughton, wap. of Harthill, in the East Riding of the co. of York, 10 miles to the W. of Hull. It is situated on the N. bank of the Humber, and is a station on the Hull, Selby, and Milford Junction railway. Here is a ferry across the river. This place was the site of the Roman station, Ad Petuariam. BROUGH, a tnshp. in the par. of Skipsea, wap. of Ilolderness, in the East Riding of the co. of York, 9 miles to the E. of Great Driffield. It is a joint township with Dringhoe. BROUGH, a tnshp. in the par. of Catterick, and wap. of East Hang, North Riding of the co. of York, 5 miles
