CARTMEL-FELL. 505 CASHEL. number of Eoman coins was discovered in the parish, early in the present century. Edmund Law, Bishop of Carlisle, was a native of Cartrnel, and was educated at the grammar school. His father was incumbent of Staveley. Tuesday is the market day, but little business is transacted. Fairs are hold, chiefly for the sale of cattle, on Whit-Monday, the Monday after the 23rd October, the Wednesday before Easter, and the 5th November. CARTMEL-FELL, a chplry. in the par. of Cartmcl, hund. of Lonsdale North of the Sands, in the co. palatine I of Lancaster, 7 miles to the N. of Cartmel. TJlverstone is its post town. It is situated on the banks of the small river Winster, which runs southward through the parish to Morecambe Bay. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Carlisle, val. 103, in the patron, of the Duke of ] i< vonshire. The church is dedicated to St. Anthony. Here is an endowed school with an income of about 30 per annum. There are some other charities of small value. CARTRON, a hmlt. in the bar. of Dunkellin, in the co. of Galway, prov. of Connaught, Ireland, not far from Oramnore. CARTSDYKE, or CRAWFURDSDYKE, a vil. and quoad sacra par. in the par. of East, in the co. of Ren- frew, Scotland, 1 mile from Greenock, of which it forms the eastern suburb. It is situated on the N. shore of the Frith of Clyde, where the Carts' Bum falls into that river. It was a free burgh of barony, and the seat of a flourishing trade. The living is in the presb. of
- <>ck.
( ARTWORTH, a tnshp. in the par. of Kirkburton, wap. of Agbrigg, in the West Riding of the co. of York, 7 miles to the S. of Huddersfield. Many of the work- people are employed in the woollen manufactories. CARVARCHELL, a vil. in the par. of St. David's, hund. of Dewisland, in the co. of Pembroke, South Wales, 3 miles to the E. of St. David's. It is seated near the coast of St. Bride's Bay. CARWOOD, a tnshp. in the par. of Hopesay, hund. of Purslow, in the co. of Salop, 7 miles to the S.E. of Bishop's Castle. It is near the river Clun. GARY BARONY, one of the bars, or subdivisions of the co. of Antrim, prov. of Ulster, Ireland, situated in the northern part of the co., and bounded on the N. and E by the North Channel ; on the S. by the bars, of Lower Glenarm and tipper Dunluce ; and on the W. by the bar. of Lower Dunluce. It contains the pars, of Bal- lintoy, Cufl'eightrim, Drumtullagh, Grange, Ramean, and Rathlin Island, with parts of the pars, of Annoy and Billy. The bar. comprises an area of about 75,000 acres. CARY-COATES, a tnshp. in the par. of Thockrington, Tindale ward, in the co. of Northumberland, 7 miles to the E. of Bellingham. CARY-FIT ZPAINE, a hmlt. in the par. of Charlton- Mackrell, hund. of Somerton, in the co. of Somerset, 3 miles to the N.W. of Ilchester. It is seated on the banks of the river Gary. CARYSFORT, or MACREDDIN, or MOYCRED- DIN, a vil. in the par. of Rathdrum, and bar. of Bal- linacor, in the co. of Wicklow, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 6 miles to the S.W. of Rathdrum. The Probys of Glenart take the title of baron from this place, which once had a castle, and was incorporated by Charles I. Here is a Roman Catholic chapel, and an endowed free school. CASCOB, a par. partly in the hund. of Wigmore, in the co. of Hereford, and partly in the borough of New Radnor, hund. and co. of Radnor, South Wales, 6 miles to the W. iii 1'resteign, its post town. It contains parts of the tnshps. of Litton and Cascob. Tho living is a rect.* in the dioc. of St. David's, val. 190, in the patron, of the bishop. The church is dedicated to St. Michael. CASCOB, a tnshp. united with Litton, partly in the par. of Cascob, and partly in the par. of Presteign, Imiid. and co. of Radnor, South Wales, 2 miles to the W. of Presteign. CASEHORTON. See CAHSHALTON, Surrey. CASEWICK, a hmlt. in the par. of Uffington, in tho VOL. I. wap. of Ness, parts of Kesteven, in the co. of Lincoln, 4 miles to the E. of Stamford. It is situated near tho Leicester and Peterborough branch of the Midland railway. CASEY GREEN, a hmlt. in the tnshp. of New Forest, and par. of Kirkby Raveusworth, wap. of Gilling, in tho North Riding of the co. of York, 4 miles to tho N. of Richmond, which is a station on a branch of the Norlh- Eastem railway. CASHEL, a city, parliamentary borough, and market town, in the bar. of Middlethird, in the co. of Tipperary, prov. of Munster, Ireland, 15 miles to the N.W. of Clonmel, and 100 miles to the S.W. of Dublin. It has given name, with Goolds Cross, to a station on the Great Southern and Western railway, from which, how- ever, it is 6 miles distant. Cashel is a place of very great antiquity, but nothing is certainly known of tho date of its foundation, and very little of its early history. It was the seat of the kings of Munster, and also very early the seat of a bishopric ; the royal and episcopal offices being combined. Before the middle of the 12th century the diocese of Cashel was converted into an archbishopric. In 1172 Henry 11. called a synod of tho Irish prelates, which met at this city, and acknowledged, as it is averred, his sovereignty, and confirmed to him and his successors the kingdom of Ireland ; a decree subsequently confirmed by Pope Alexander. Early in the 13th cen- tury Cashel was constituted a borough, and shortly afterwards the town, which was given to the archbishops by Henry III., was re-granted by Archbishop Marian to the burgesses, with certain reservations. After the rebel- lion of the 17th century, the town was occupied by the royalists, but in 1647 was attacked and taken by storm by Lord Inchiquin for the parliament. Tho people had taken refuge in the cathedral, and a terrible slaughter took place. The municipal area of Cashel comprises 4,018 acres, of which 3,704 are in tho rural district and 254 in the city. The city, which stands in a fine level tract of country, about 2 miles E. from the river Suir, at the foot and on the sides of the bold hill known as the Rock of Cashel, consists chiefly of five streets, Main-street being the principal one. In 1861 it comprised 919 houses, inhabited by a population of 5,596 against 957 houses, inhabited by 4,798 in 1851, showing an increase in the decennial period of 798 persons, but a decrease of 38 houses. The city is lighted with gas, and has a good supply of water from the same source from which the friars, some centuries since, brought the water through pipes into the town. A reservoir has lately been formed by the town commissioners capable of containing 600,000 gallons, at a cost of 250. Many of the houses are poorly built ; but considerable improvements have been made in the general appearance of tho place. No manu- factures are carried on, and the only business is tho general retail trade. There are a market-hall, with reading and news-rooms, a court-house, town commis- sioners hall, gaol, county infirmary, and fever hos- pital. The city contains also infantry barracks, a police station, and a savings-bank. The privileges conferred on the townsmen by Archbishop Marianus were con- firmed by various royal charters, tho last being granted by Charles I. ; under this the city was governed till tho passing of tho Irish Municipal Reform Act. The cor- poration was then superseded, and the municipal govern- ment is now vested in a body of commissioners. Tho revenue of the city, derived chiefly from ancient endow- ments, amounts to about 1,150, and is expended by the town commissioners for tho paving and cleansing of the streets, gas and water supply, and salaries of officers, &c., besides 200 yearly for the purposes of education, 180 to tho parish priest as patron of tho National schools, 20 to the Protestant rector to bo disposed of under his control, 10 at Christmas for blankets to the poor, and 40 to the Cashel Race Fund. Cashel returned two representatives to the Irish parlia- ment till the Union, since which it has returned one member to the imperial parliament. The constituency in 1860 was 159. It is the seat of a Poor-law Union, and contains tho Union poorhouso. Quarter sessions 3 T
