HALKIN. 171 HALLAM, TJPPER. an extra story, which gives them the appearance of towers. Over the second floor window of the second one is a panel hearing the arms of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Crossley, and a quotation from 1 Chronicles xxix. 14, " Of thine own have we given thee." The almspeople are chosen irrespective of sex, either married or single, but they must have heen members of some Protestant Trinitarian denomination for at least two years, and each applicant must be incapacitated for labour. The allow- ance to each married almsman is 8. 6rf. per week, and each almswoman 6*. per week, paid every Friday. The People's Park, covering an area of 12J acres, laid out under the superintendence of Sir J. Paxton and Mr. Jlilner of the Crystal Palace, in walks, shrubberies, ornamental lakes, flower gardens, and embankments, cost upwards of 50,000, the whole of which was defrayed by the same gentleman. In the grounds are two im- mense vases, and eight life-size marble statues, repre- senting Apollo, Sophocles, Venus, Hercules, Telemachus, Diana, and an Italian dancing and music girl. In token of the esteem in which he is held by his fellow-townsmen, they have erected a life-size marble statue, hearing the following inscription : " This statue of Frank Cross- ley, Esq., M.P. for the "West Riding of York, donor of the People's Park, was erected 1860 by the inhabitants of Halifax, his native town, as a tribute of gratitude and respect to one whose public benefactions and private virtues deserved to be remembered." The borough is bound to expend 300 guineas per annum in the mainte- nance of this park. Mr. Joseph Crossley, his brother, has since erected a similar row of almshouses on the S. side of the People's Park. And their elder brother, Mr. John Crossley, is now completing a more extensive pile of building on an adjacent moor, which is designed to be an orphanage for the maintenance and education of a considerable number of children. A fine equestrian bronze statue of Prince Albert has just been erected in the town. A few British coins have been found in tho neighbourhood. Tho Rev. Briggs, who calculated the first table of logarithms, and bishops Ferrar (martyr) and Can-, were natives of this parish. Arch- bishop Tillotson was born at Sowerby, and Sir II. Savillo at Bradley, in this parish. Watson, author of the " History of Halifax," was curate, and Sir W. Herschell the organist, of the parish church. It was here that Defoe wrote his "Robinson Crusoe." Two newspapers are published in the town, called the Halifax Guardian and the Halifax Courier, both on Saturday. Saturday is market day. Fairs are held on the 24th Juno and first Saturday in November for cattle. HALKIN, a par. in the hund. of Coleshill, co. Flint, 3 miles S.E. of Holywell. The village, which is con- siderable, is situated "under Halkin Hill, from which is a fine view. The par. contains the tnshps. and hmlts. of Rhos-y-Coe, Hendre-Fegillt, Lugyn-y-Llan, and Lugyn-y-wern. It abounds in mineral wealth, chiefly coal, lead, calamine, potter's clay, and limestone. Tho living is a rect,* in the dioc. of St. Asaph, val. 312, in the patron, of tho Bishop of Llandaff. It was formerly held by Roberts, who wrote the History of the Cymry, &c. There is also a district chuich at Rhos-y-Coe, the living of which is a perpet. cur.,* val. 72. In the vicinity is in Hall, built by the late Marquis of Westminster in 1827. I1ALKIRK, a par. and post vil. in the co. Caithness, nid, 7 miles K. of Thurso, and 2"0from Edinburgh. Ite boundaries arc Thurso, Bower, Watten, Latheron, Kildonan, and Rcny! It is 24 miles in length by 9 in 1th. The surface has but little elevation, Spittal Hill r the principal summit. The river Forse traverses tlw parish in tho W., and tho Thurso, which takes its >ii the S.W. part of the parish, runs through tho interior. There arc several lochs, tho principal being i rind Lochmore. The soil is of a clayey nature, ami rather s'.i iil. . There is a large area of pasture land. This par. is in the prosb. of Caithness, and synod of
- ni'l r.'iitlmc 9s. The minister has a stipend
of 23S. The church was built in 1753. There are also two Free churches, a parish and several non-parochial schools. The parish of Halkirk was formed at the time of the Reformation, by the union of the ancient districts of Halkirk and Skinnet. Sir George Sinclair, with Sir P. M. Thriepland, Sinclair of Forse, Guthrie of Scots- calder, and Home of Langwell, are the principal heritors. Dirlet Castle, in tho middle of this parish, is an interest- ing ruin. Its last occupant was one of the Sutherlands, called "the red knight," who was apprehended as a rebel. Bramwell Castlo is another ruin, formerly a seat of tho earls of Caithness. Lochmore and Achnavarn castles aro two other ruins of uncertain origin. There are remains of two religious houses, and of several old chapels, besides Pictish and Danish dwellings. St. Thomas's Pillar stands on the Spittel Hill. The old chapel occupied the same Bite as the present parish church. It was here that the Bishop of Caithness was murdered at the instance of the Earl of Caithness. Limestone, ironstone, lead ore, and marl are found. Tho waters abound with trout of great excellence. A fair is held at the village on the Tuesday before the 26th December. HALL, a hmlt. in the par. of St. Ishmael, co. Car- marthen, 3 miles N.W. of Kidwelty. There is also another hamlet of this name near Llangadock. HALL, or HALL-IN-THE-WOOD, a hmlt. in the par. and borough of Bolton-le-Moors, hund. of Salford, co. Lancaster, 2 miles from Bolton. It was here Cromp- ton, the weaver, lived, who invented the mule, being a combination of tho spinning-jenny and water-frame, as improved by Arkwright, and for which invention he received 5,000 from parliament. HALLABROW, a hmlt. in the par. of High Littleton, hund. of Chewton, co. Somerset, 10 miles S.W. of Bath. HALLADALE, a river of co. Sutherland, Scotland. It rises under Ben Grian, and flowing through Strath- halladale, falls into the sea near Bighoun. HALLAM GATE, a hmlt. in the tnshp. of Ecclesall Bierlow, par. of Sheffield, West Riding co. York, 2 miles from Sheffield. HALLAM KIRK, a par. in tho hunds. of Appletrce and Morleston, co. Derby, 6 miles N.E. of Derby. It is situated on a branch of the Erewash canal, and contains the tnshp. of Mappcrley. Tho living is a vie. in the dioc. of Lichfield, val. 280. The church, which is dedi- cated to All Saints, stands in the hund. of Morleston. The charities produce about 6 per annum. HALLAM, LITTLE, a hmlt, in tho par. of Ilkeston, hund. of Morleston, co. Derby, 8 miles E. of Derby, and 2 from Hkeston, its post town. It is situated near the river Erewash. HALLAM, NETHER, a tnshp. in the par. of Sheffield, wap. of Strafforth and Tickhill, West Riding co. York, 2 miles W. of Sheffield. At the commencement of the present century it consisted of an extensive tract of wasteland and common, but an Act having been obtained in 1791 for its enclosure, it has been brought into culti- vation, and is now a densely populated district, con- taining Newficld Green, Heeley, and numerous other hamlets. Many of the inhabitants aro engaged in tho iron and steel works. HALLAMSHIRE, a lordship comprising the tnshp. of Nether Hallam, and a district round Sheffield, in the West Riding co. York. It is the Hallam of Domesday Survey, at which time it belonged to Earl Waltheof, now to the Duke of Norfolk. HALLAM, UPPER, a tnshp. in the par. of Sheffield, as above, adjoining Nether Hallam. It is bounded on the N. by the river Rivelin, and on the 8. by the Porter, and was until recently a wild district. It is now densely populated, containing above 20,000 inhabitants, distributed in several hamlets or villages, where tho manufactures of iron and steel are extensively carried on. especially steel-wire drawing, spring-knives, files, and carpenters' tools. There aro also collieries and quarries of stone for building. Tho principal hmlts aro Fulwood, and Gool Green, 5 miles W. of Sheffield, Carrick Hill, &% W., Nether Green and Hangingwater, about 3 S.W., Ran Moor and Sandy gate, 3 W., also Crosshack, Stephen Hill, Stumperlow, and Ringinglow. Of these, Fulwood is the most considerable, and was constituted an cccle-
