BOS WELL. 341 BOT, BOTFLY. eral languages. Boswell Iwoanie a member of the Facvilty of Advocates in ITtili, but never devoted himself with earnestness to the hiw. In 1773 he was admitted into the Literary Club, insti- tuted by Johnson, of whieli Burke, tioldsmithj Reynolds, and Garrick were members. From this time he made it his principal business to note down the sayings and doings of Johnson, with whom he associated on most intimate terms, and whom he accomi>;uiied on his tour to Scot- land and the Hebrides in 1773. It has been estimated that, taken all together, Boswell met Johnson on 276 days. Boswell was married in 1769 to his cousin, ilargaret Montgomerie, by whom he had several children. After Johnson's death, in 17S4, he employed himself in arranging the materials which he had collected for his long-contemplated biography. His Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides appeared in 17S5; his Life of Samuel Johnson, 2 vols., in 1791. Both have gone through many editions. Boswell has been emphatically styled by ilacaulay 'the tirst of biographers.' His work is indeed full of de- tails, and these are such as exhibit character, and are arranged in the most interesting man- ner. He conceals neither his o i faults nor those of .Johnson, but presents a picture of which the truthfulness is too vivid to be questioned: and Johnson is, unquestional)ly, better known by the pages of Boswell than by any of his own writings. Boswell died in London, May 19, 179.5. Besides the works already mentioned, he was the author of several productions of great interest to the curious. In 1857 appeared a posthumous volume of Letters of James Bostcell, addressed to the Rev. W. J. Temple, from the Original MSS., in which the gay, insouciant character of the man very strongly appears. The sketches of Boswell by Macaulay and Carlyle are famous. Consult: Rogers, Bosiielliana (Lon- don, 1874) ; and Fitzgerald, Life (London, 1891) . For the best edition of The Life of Johnson, con- sult Hill (Oxford, 1887). BOSWELLLA., b6z-wel'li-4 (named after Dr. John Boswell). A genus of trees of the natural order Burseraceae. Few species are known, of which the most interesting is Bosicellia serrata, the tree which yields olibanuni (q.v.), now very generally believed to have been the frankincense (q.v.) of the ancients. It is a large timber-tree, with pinnate leaves, which have about ten pairs of hairy serrated oblong leaflets, and an odd one, each leallet about one to one and a half inches in length. The flowers are small and numerous, in axillary racemes, and of a pale-pink color. When the bark is wounded, the olibanum, of a delight- ful fragrance, flows out, and hardens by exposure to the atmosphere. The tree is found in the mountainous parts of Coromandel, and is sup- posed to be also a native of other parts of India, and of Persia, Arabia, and perhaps Abyssinia. A very similar species, a native of India, also yields a resin, comparatively coarse, which is used as a substitute for pitch. liosirellia papyri- fera is indigenous in parts of .Africa, extensive forests of this species being reported in the mountains of Morocco. Bosiccllia Carteri is also common in Africa and yields large quantities of olibanum. BOSWORTH, bSz'wvrth, or M.^rket Bos- woBTU (.S. Bosan, Bosa's + worth, farm). . small market town of Leicestershire. Kn^land, famous for the moor, two miles to the south. where the battle of Bosworth Field was fought (August 22, 1485). In this battle, which ter- minated the Wars of the Roses, Richard III. was slain, and on a near elevation called Crown- hill Lord Stanley placed the crown on the head of the Earl of Richmond as Henry VII. BOSWORTH, FnANCKE Hi-.vtixgton (1843 — ). An .mcrican physician, born at Marietta, Ohio. He studied at Vale, and at the Bellevue Hospital Jledical College, where he subsequently became professor of diseases of the throat. He was also appointed consulting physician to the Presbj'terian and Saint Vincent's hospitals. New Vork. His publications include a Treatise on Diseases of the Sose and Throat (1893), and a Text-Book of Diseases of the Nose and Throat (1S9G). BOSWORTH, JosEPU (1789-1876). An Eng- lish philologist. He was born in Derby-shire. He graduated at Aberdeen and also took degrees from Oxford and Cambridge. In 1817 he ob- tained the vicarage of Horwood Parva, Bucking- hamshire. He devoted such time as an active discharge of his parochial duties left at his dis- posal to literature, and especially to researches in Anglo-Saxon. The result of his labors ap- peared in 1S23 in Elements of Anglo-Saxon fJrrammar. ' Fifteen years later he published the work by which his name is best known : A Dictionary of the Anglo-Saxon Language (new edition, very much enlarged and improved by T. X. Toller, 1882-98). Bosworth lived in Hol- land from 1829 to 1840 as British chaplain, and during this period he translated the Book of Common Prayer into Dutch. On his return to England he was presented to the vicarage of Waith, in Lincolnshire. In 1857 he became rec- tor of Water Shelford, in Buckinghamshire, and in the following year Rawlinson professor of Anglo-Saxon at Oxford. In 1865 he published the Gospels in Gothic and Anglo-Saxon, in parallel columns with Wyclif's version of 1389, and Tyndale's of 1526. In 1867 he established a professorship of Anglo-Saxon at the Univer- sity of Cambridge. He died May 27, 1876. BOSZORMENY, be'ser-ma-ny' (cf. Russ. 6a- surtvnn. Mussulman, Hung, hajdu, Turk, haiduk, a light-armed Turkish or Hungarian' guard) , or HAJDU-Bo.szoRMloxy. A town of the Kingdom of Hungary, about 10 miles north-northwest of Debrcczin (Map: Hungary, G 3). It is situ- ated in the midst of a fertile district. Vege- tables and fruit, particularly melons, are raised in large quantities. Population, in 1890, 21,000; in 1900, 25.065. (The population is given for the municipal district, which includes five vil- laizes besides Bi'isziirmi'ny.) BOT, BOTFLY (cf. Gael. 6oJ«s, belly-worm). Names common to several dipterous insects of the family tEstridae, which are parasitic in their early stages upon or within, certain domestic and wild animals. The HoRSE-BoT, or bot-fly of the horse (Gas- trophilus equi. Fab.), is a creature well known to stockmen and veterinarj' surgeons. The adult fly is about three-quarters of an inch in length; the body is very hairy and brown in color. The female has an extensile abdomen. She poises herself in flight near a horse, then darts sud- denly toward the animal, gluing an egg to a hair almost instantly, then retreating for a yard or two until another egg is ready to be deposited.
