BOUND BROOK. 365 BOUQUET DE LA GRYE. wounded, and prisoners. Population, in 1890, 14G2: in 1900. •2(!22. BOtTN'DERBY. The overbearing merchant who marries Louisa Gradgrind in Dickens's Hard Times. He is a mill-owner and banker in Coke- town, and the son of Mrs. Pegler, whom he bribes to keep her from disclosing her identity. BOUNDING CHARTER. In the Scotch law, an instrument of title which describes the lands thereby conveyed by their boundaries or limits. It gives right to cverytliing within the bounds, and, on the other hand, it excludes what lies beyond these. In American and English law, instruments for the conveyance of land are called deeds, and generally contain a description of the plot conveyed according to its metes and iounds. See the authorities referred to under COSVETAXCIXG. BOUN'TIFUL, Lady. A character in the comedy of 77u lieaux' Stratagem, by Farquhar, distinguished for her beneficence. BOUNTY (Fr. bonte, goodness, from Lat. bonitas, goodness, excellence, from bonus, good). A term applied to any sum granted by law as an inducement to some undertaking believed to be of national importance. ( 1 ) Payments of bounties are sometimes made for the encourage- ment of commercial or industrial enterprises. The payment contemplated is a direct one, but the term is also applied to indirect pecuniary benefits which arise through legislation. The so- called sugar bounties of Gemianj', for instance, consist nominally in afi abatement of internal taxes upon exported sugar. But as the abate- ment is so measured that it is greater than the original tax, it constitutes in fact, if not in name, a bounty upon exportation. For a dis- cussion of industrial bounties, see Fbee Trade; Subsidies. (2) Monetary inducements to encourage men to join the army, or extend their service, are common. Usualh- bounty is given only in those countries whose armies are recruited by volun- tary enlistment. The amount given varies with the need and difficulty of procuring recruits. During the Civil War in the United States, as much as $1000 was sometimes offered for en- listment. This was, however, owing to the mag- nitude of the war and the immense number of men required. The English Government gives a bounty to men already serving in India to induce them to extend such service. (.3) In the United States Navy, money is awarded a ship which sinks or destroys an ene- my's ship of war. When the vessel destroyed is of equal or superior force the victors are awarded $200 for each ])erson on board the enemy's ships at the beginning of the engage- ment: if of inferior force, $100 for each jjerson. If the ship is destroyed after the capture, for public interest, $50 is awarded for each person on board the ship at the time of capture. The amoimt awarded is divided among the oflficers and crew in the same manner as prize-money. When the number of persons on board the destroyed shij) cannot be accurately ascer- tained, an estimate is made, based on the com- plement of a ship of the same class in the United States Xavy. This bounty is authorized by the United States laws, but Congress must first make an appropriation for that purpose. BOUNTY, The. The name of an English vas- sel under the eonmiand of Captain Pligh, the crew of which in 178!) mutinied near the Friendly Islands, and abandoned nineteen men, including the captain, in a small boat with scant pro- visions. After many hardships, the boat at last reached Timor, whence Bligh returned to Eng- land. In 1814, by the accidental discovery of a settlement on Pitcairn Island (q.v. ), it was found that eight of the mutineers of the fioutity had escaped to the island and colonized it. The last of the mutineers died in 1829. The incident was used bv Lord Bvron in his poem "The Island." BOUNTY-JUMPER. In American history, one of the class of men who, while bounties were being paid for enlistments during the Civil War, entered the service with the intention of deserting at the earliest opportunity after obtaining the promised reward. They would frequently reenlist under diflerent names, and repeat the process until caught, one man, in 1805, confessing that he had "jumped the bounty' thirty-two times. The bounties difi'ered in amoimt in difl'erent parts of the country, being greatest in the State of New York. Consult Fry. Report of the Pro- vost Marshal General (Washington, 1866). BOUQUET, bwi'ka', Henry (1719-66). A Britisli soldier, who served for many years in .America. He was born in Rolle. Switzerland, entered the armv of the Low Countries in 1736, served alternately with the Dutch and the Sar- dinians, and in 1756 entered the English service in America as lieutenant-colonel of the 'Royal American Regiment.' He was second in com- mand of the army which, under General Forbes, captured Fort Duquesne in 1758 (see Pitts- liL'RG ) , and was left in command when Forbes returned to Philadelphia. In 1763, while in command at Philadelphia, he was sent with 500 men to relieve Fort Pitt ( formerly Fort Du- quesne), then closely besieged by Ponliac's followers, and at Bushy Run, about 20 miles from the fort, defeated the Indians {Augiist 5-6) and thereby virtually suppressed the great conspiracy. I See PoxTi.c.) In October, 1764, he forced the Ohio Indians to make peace at Tus- carawas. He was raised to the rank of briga- dier-general, and in 17C5 was placed in coniiiiand of the Southern Department of America with headquarters at Pensacola, where soon after- wards he died of the fever. For the best account of his military seirices, consult Parkman, C'on- spiracij of Pontine (Boston, 1867). Consult also an article on the subject in the Pennsyl- rnnia Miiqrninr of flislory and liiographu, Vol. 111. (Pliiiaddphia). BOUQUET DE LA GRYE, boo'kft' dc la gr.^'. .Jean -lAccit es .Vnatoi.e (1827 — ). A French hvdrographer and astronomer. He was born in Thiers ( Puy-de-Dome) , and was educated at the Ecnh- Polytcchniquc. One of liis most impor- tant and difficult surveys was that of Xew Cale- donia, of which region he prepared forty charts (1853). He was the promoter of the j)roject to make Paris a seaport bj- means of a ship-canal and the widening of the Seine. Bouquet de la Grye is almost equally famous as an astronomer and as a perfecter of astronomical instruments. His works include: Pilolc </(.s- riitrs oiicstrs do France; Aotes sur le sundayc a la mer; Etude
