CORNELL UNIVERSITY. 425 CORNER. buy 270,000 acres of the Western lands for $1,225,000 — ah amount that would have released the trustees from their troubles. But Jlr. Saj^e, believing that the lands would go still higher, refused his consent and the bargain fell through. Less than two years later his faith was vindi- cated; 140,000 acres was sold for .$2,320,000, other sales were made later at increasing prices, and the university has up to the present time realized a net profit of some $6,000,000. Besides its income from these sources Cornell has received large private gifts. Henry W. Sage gave alto- gether .$1,175,000; Andrew D. White, ,$200,000; Daniel B. Fayerweather, over $300,000, and Hiram Siblev, .John McGraw, Dean Sage, and William H. Sage, more than $100,000 each. Out of the 2704 students enrolled in the first five years, 2347 entered on the mininuun entrance requirements. In 1872 the imiversity became co- educational, and in 1S77, in spite of the constant decrease in attendance, the entrance require- ments were raised so as to include plane geome- try, phjsiologA', and physical geography. A year of French or German was also added to the pri- mary requirements for admission to the course in letters or science. In 1882 the faculty, in- cluding instructors and assistants, numbered but 40. The additions made to the library were few. During this anxious period in the history of the university, the members of the faculty, ill paid and overworked, loyally stood by it. and pursued their work notwithstanding all difficul- ties. New courses were offered in the depart- ments of civil and mechanical engineering, archi- tecture, agriculture, the sciences, humanities, and military science. After 18S2 the univer- sity developed and expanded in accordance with the original idea of the founder. The law school, a school of pharmacy (discontinued in 1890). and the Andrew D.' White School of History and Political Science, were organ- ized in 1887. The Sage School of Philosophy, which has become known for its work in experimental psychology, was organized in 1890. President Schurman appealed to the State in 1892 for further aid, on the ground that Cornell, although not a State institution in the strict sense of the term, was educating 512 stu- dents free of tuition. The Legislature generous- ly responded to his appeal by establishing at Cornell L'niversity the Veterinarv College in 1894, and the State College of Forestry, the first institution of its kind in the United States, in 1898. A tract of 30,000 acres of forest in the Adirondacks was granted the college for experi- mental purposes. The situation of Cornell Uni- versity in a small town prevented it from add- ing a medical school to its dejjartments. al- though a medical preparatory course has existed since its inception. In 1898 this problem was solved by establishing a medical college in the city of New York, with a branch at Ithaca, where the first two years of the course may be taken. In the same year the entrance require- ments, which had been gradually raised since 1877, were put on a footing equivalent to those of the loading universities in the United States. Cornell T'niversity comprises the following departments and colleges (the attendance given is in all cases that of 1902) : (1) The Graduate Department, having charge of all graduate stud- ies pursued at the university under the several faculties. This department offers courses lead- ing to the degrees of A.JI., Ph.D.. etc. It num- bers 189 students. Twenty-four l<'llowships, ranging from $500 to $000 a year, and 17 scholar- ships, of the annual value of $300 a year, are available for students. (2) The Academic De- partment offers elective courses leading, whether sciences, letters, or the classics are mainly chosen, to the degree of A.B. The attendance is 831. (3) The College of Law otlers courses leading to the LL.B. degree, and numliers 198 students. (4) The Jledical College, partially conducted at New York City, confers the degree of M.D., and numbers 433 students. ( 5 ) The College of Agriculture ofl'ers courses leading to the B.S.A. degree, and numbers 188 students. Connected with this college is an agricultural e.xperiment station, established by the Federal Government in 1887. (6) The New York State Veterinary College confers the degree of D.V.il. Its' attendance is 59. (7) The State College of Forestry confers the degree of F.E., and numbers 44 students. (8) The Col- lege of Architecture confers the degree of B.Arch., and has an attendance of 50. (9) The College of Civil Engineering confers the degree of C.E., and numbers 214 students. (10) Sibley College of Mechanical Engineering and Jlechanic Arts, consisting of the departments of mechanical, electrical, experimental engineering, the depart- ment of mechanic arts, etc., confers the degree of M.E. Its total registration is 792. Undergraduates are required, except for spe- cial reasons, to take a course of military drill, extending over two years, under the supervision of a United States Army officer. The government of the university is vested in a board of thirty-nine trustees, the university faculty, composed of the members of the several faculties, having charge of educational mat- ters concerning the university as a Avhole, and the faculties of the several schools and colleges, who are charged with the administration of their respective departments. The total attendance, excluding summer-school students and those taking the short winter courses, is 2845. The staff of instruction num- bers 367. The principal buildings of Cornell University include the $500,000 library, the gift of Henry W. Sage ; Sage College, a dormi- tory for women; Boardman Hall, Stimson Hall, and Sibley College. The campus, situated on a hill looking down upon Cayuga Lake and sur- rounded by gorges, falls, and cascades, is con- sidered one of the most beautiful in the world. Barnes Hall and Sage Cha]iel rojiresent the re- ligious life of the university. The libraries, including the famous . drew D. White collec- tion on the French Revolution and the Fisk Dante collection, contain 201,852 volumes, be- sides 43,000 pamphlets. The income of the uni- versity from all sources is about $800,000 a year. The presidents since its incejjtion have been : Andrew D. White. LL.D. (1805-85); Charles Kendall Adams. LL.D. (1885-92) ; Jacob Gould Schurman. LL.t). (1892—). CORNER. A commercial term of Ignited States origin, denoting the operation, or more properly the resultant effect, of acquiring contracts for the delivery of so much of a commodity or of the stock or certificates of indebtedness of a cor- poration, as to raise abnormally the values there- of to the advantage of the buyers. A corner is 'effective' when those who have contracted to
