CROFTS. 597 CBOKEB. Saint Jean, Waterloo" (1882); and "Marlbor- ough at Ramillics." All these are distinguisliod for acriiracy and truth of ilctail, liul the aL-ticiii with which a i'renuh painter would have man- aged such scenes is laeking. They are primarily historical studies rather than works of art. However, Crofts stands among the first of the few English battle-painters. He was made a Koyal Acaclcniician in 180G. CROGHAN, kro'gan, GEOiKiK ( 17!>l-184y) . An American soldier, l)orn near Louisville, Ky. He graduated at illiam and Mary College in 1810, entered the army in 1812, distinguislied himself under General Harrison at l'"ort .Meigs, and on August 1-2, 1S13, defended Fort Stephenson (on the jiresent site of P'remont, Ohio) against the attack of a greatly superior force of British and Indians, for which be received the thanks of Congress and a gohl medal. In 1S14 he was pro- moted to be lieutenant-colonel, but resigned in 1817 and was appointed po.stm.istcr at ?iew Or- leans in 1824. He became inspector-general with the rank of colonel in 182.5, joined (Jeneral Taylor's forces in Mexico in 184li, and took a prominent part in the battle of Monterey. CROISET, krwii'za', Marie Joseph Alfred (1845 — ). A French classical philologist, born in Paris. He was appointed professor of Greek at the Faculte des Lettres in 1885 and became a member of the Academy of Inscriptions in the following year. He is the editor of various Greek authors, and the author of De Personis apud Aristophanrm (1873); Xfnophon, son caratire et son latent (1873) ; La pocsie de Pin- dare et les lois du hjrisme f/rec (1880) ; and, in conjiuiction with Maurice Croiset, Histoire de la littcratiire grrcque (1887-99). CROISET, Mavrice (1846 — ). A French classical philologist, brother of the preceding, born in Paris. He became professor of the Greek language and literature at Montpellier in 1870, and professor of the Greek language and litera- ture at the Collftgc de France in 181)3. He is the author of De Puhliew Eloquent im Prineipiis II pud drwcos in Uomericis Carminit)us (1874); Ucs idees morales dans IV'toi/ucnee politique de Demosthene (1874) ; Essai sur la vie et sur les a'uvres de Lueien (1882); and, in conjunction with Alfred Croiset, Histoire de la littcratiire yrrcqiic (1887-99). CROIX, krwa, Carlos Fbancisco, Marques de (1699-1786). A Spanish general and adminis- trator. He was born at Lille, French Flanders, and after serving in the Spanish Army was ap- ])ointed commandant at Ceuta, whence he w.as transferred in the same capacity to Puerto de Santa Mari'a. He afterwards liecame (^aptain- General of Galicia, and was Viceroy of New Spain (Mexico) from 1766 to 1771. He was dis- tingttished by strict integrity and high adminis- trative ability. During the last fifteen years of his life he was Viceroy and Captain-General of Valencia. CROIX, Teodoro de (c.1730-9I). A Spanish soldier. He was born at Lille, French Flanders, and was a brother of the Viceroy of New Spain, who appointed him Governiu' of the interior provinces of the country and of Sonora. During his brief term as Viceroy of Peru (1784-90) he did much to ameliorate the condition of the Indians and cnnctcil several laws for their pro- tection. He died soon after his return to Madrid. CROIZETTE, krwil'zet', Sophie (1847-1901). .V I'rencli actress. »She was born in Saint Peters- burg. After two years at the Conservatory she obtained the lirst prize for comed.V. In 1809 she appeared at the Theatre Fran(;ais as Queen Anne in in vcrre d'cau, and four years after- wards was made a 'socictaire.' Mile. Croizette rarely appeared in classic roles. Her best work was in the Sphinx (Octave F'euillet), L'etran- gire (Dumas fils), Fourchambault (Einile Augier), and La princcsse de ISaydad (Dumas tils), her last and greatest creation. She retired from the stage at the height of her success, in 1885. CRO'KER, B. IM. An Englisli novelist. She was a daughter of William Slicpjjard, rector of Kilgctin, KoscoMinjon, Ireland; was educated in England; married .liihn Cruker, of tlic Koyal Monster Fusiliers, and traveled extensively in India and other parts of the East. Mrs. Croker has writt(^n some good Irish peasant stories, as Terence (1899), and excels in depicting Anglo-Indian life, particularly the fashionable feminine world. The scenes of Jason and Other Stories (1899), comedy running into farce, are laid in India, Australia, and Eng- land. Her novels are connnonly translated into French and German. Besides those above, may be cited Proper Pride (1882); Pretty Miss Neville (1883); Diana Harrington (1888); Mr. Jervis (1894) ; Village Tales and •Jungle Trage- dies (1894) ; In the Kingdom of Kerry (1896) ; Beyond the Pale ( 1897) ; A Stale Secret ( 1901 ) ; Anyel (1901). CROKER, Joiix WII..SON (1780-18.57). An English writer and |iolitician. He was bom at Galway, Ireland. Educated at Trinity College, Dublin, he entered Lincoln's Inn as a student in 1800, and two years later was called to the Irish l)ar. In 1804 he published Funiiliar [-jpistlcs, a clever satire in verse on the Irisli stage, and An Intercepted Letter from Canton, a satire in prose on Dublin society. Both ran through several edi- tions. In 1808 he issued a treatise on the State of Ireland, Past and Present — a pamphlet on Catholic emancipation — which brought' him to the notice of politicians, and in the same year he was elected member of Parliament for Downpat- rick. A worm defense in Parliament, in 1809, of the Duke of York, charged with corrupt ad- ministrat ion, helped Croker in the same year to the ollice of Secretary to the Admiralty, a post which he held for more than twenty years. He was one of the founders of the Quartrrlg Rcriew, and contributed many violent party articles to its pages, as well as a large number of personal and abusive reviews, one of the most famous being on Keats's F.ndgmion. As Rigby he was caricatured by Disraeli in Coninyshy. In Par- liament he steadily opposed the Keform F.ill in all its stages, and after its enactment he refused to enter Parliament again. He took an active part in the establishment of the Athenirum Club, and rendered good service to literature by his anno- tated edition of Boswell's Johnson (1831). fa- mous fur Macaulav's savage review of it, and by his publication o'f the Suffolk Papers (1823') anil Lord Hervey's Memoirs of the Court of flcorye If. (1848). His Stories from the Ilis- tory of England for Children (1817) supplied
