DANIEL. 775 DANIELL. and urged all that could to cscapo. As he came from the church and confronted the enemy, he for a space overaweil them by his calmly majes- tic bearing. A moment later, pierced by a bul- let, he fell, and his body was consumed in the burning church. Consult Parkman, The Jesuits in Xorlli America (Boston, 18G7). DANIEL, Arx.it. A celebrated French trou- badour of the twelfth century, styled by Petrarch 'J.1 gran maestro d'Amore' (the great master of love). He was liorn at Riberae, Dordogne. was a juggler at tlie Court of Richard Cffur de Lion. an(i is said to have been present at the corona- tion of Philip Augustus and to have been ac- quainted with several distinguished troubadours, such as Bertrand de Born. He was the author of a number of amatory poems, which, although technically masterpieces of versification, are fre- quently characterized by an artificial straining after effects. Dante, although indebted to him for several of his stanzas, places Daniel far be- neath Giraud de Borncil, then regarded as the greatest of troubadours. An admirable modern edition of Daniel's works has been published by Canello under the title La rita e le opere del troratore Arnahlo Daniel (Halle, 1883). DANIEL, dii'nc-el, Eknst von ( 1843—) . An Hungarian politician, born at EUemer, County of Torontal. He studied law at Budapest, be- came judge-lateral in 1868, and in 1870 a Liberal member of the Hungarian Parliament. In 1895 he was appointed ilinister of Commerce, and in 1806 a member of the Table of Magnates. DANIEL, George (1616-57). A Cavalier poet, about whom very little is knowii. His best verse is represented by Occasional Poems and tScaitcred Fancies, composed in 1645-46. The beautiful MS. copy of his poems was printed (in a limited edition) by Grosart (4 vols., Black- burn, Lancashire, 1878). DANIEL, Herm. n Adalbert (1812-71). A (Jerman geographer and theologian. He was born at Cothen, studied theology at Halle in IS30-.14, and was from 1834 to 1870 instructor and professor at the Pitdagogium there. He was one of the most eminent followers of the geog- rapher Ritter, and by the attractive style of his various geographical writings greath* contributed toward arousing an increased interest in the study of geography in the schools and among the edu- cated generally. Of these works the following de- serve especial mention: Lehrhuch der Geographic fiir hohere Unterrichtsanstalten (76th ed. 1895) ; Leitfaden fiir den Unterricht in der Oeographie (201st ed. 1S96) : Handbnch der Oeographie (0th ed.. 4 vols., 1894-1)5) ; all of which were translated into several European languages. DANIEL, .JOHX MoNCURE (1825-65). An American editor, born in Virginia. He was pri- vately educated, studied law, and in 1845 became librarian of a small public library in Richmond. In 1847 he joined the staff of the Richmond Ex- aminer, and as the result of expressions con- tained therein was compelled to fight numerous duels. He was a friend of Theodore Parker, whose famous sermon on Webster he published in the Examiner, and of Poe. a sketch of whom he wrote for the Southern Literary Messenger. In 1853 he was appointed Minister to the Court of Victor Emmanuel. By demanding for some Ital- ians naturalized in the United States and visit- ing Sardinia rights equal to those of other Ameri- cans, he nearly brought about a rupture in the diplomatic relati(ms of Italy and the United States, and afterwards, by a breach of social eti- quette at Turin, he greatly lessened his influence at the Italian Court. I pon the outbreak of the Civil War he was appointed to the stall of Gen. A. P. Hill. Ilis arm having been shattered, he resumed the Examiner ; and for attacks upon Jefferson Davis and Elmore, the Treasurer of the Confederacy, was challenged by the latter to a duel, in which he was wounded. Con- sult his yritings, with a memoir by his brother (Xew York, 1868). DANIEL, .John- W.vnwiCK (1842—). A United States .Senator, born in Lynchburg. Va. After the Civil War. in which he fought on the Confederate side and ro.se to the rank of colonel, he studied law and became active in politics. He w-as for some time a member of the State Legislature, and in 1885-87 served in the ITnited States Senate. DANIEL, S.^MUEr. (1.562-1619). An English poet, born near Taunton, Somersetshire. He en- tered Magdalen Hall. Oxford, in 1579, but left without a degree and visited Italy. In 1590 he became tutor to William Herbert at Wilton and wrote masques for the Court of .James I. Later he retired to a farm near Beckington, in Wilt- shire, where he died in October, 1619. Daniel's principal works are a series of sonnets to Delia ( 1592), unsurpassed in their time by any except Shakespeare's; the beautiful Complaint of Rosa- mond (1592) ; a long historical poem in eight books, entitled The Civil Wars Betueen Ik'; Houses of York and Lancaster (1595-1609); two tragedies in the style of Seneca ; and a prose history of England. Daniel's verse has been praised for its grace and purity by a long suc- cession of critics. His works were collected in 1623. Consult Complete Works, edited bv Gro- sart (5 vols., London, 1885-96). DANIEL DERON'DA. A novel by George Eliot published serially in 1876 and in book form in 1877. It is a study of race feeling and tradition, the title character being a .Jew. DAN'IELL. .Toil X Frederick (1790-1845). A distinguished English physicist, born in London. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1814, and in 1816. in connection with Professor Brande, established the Quartcrhj Journal of Science and Art. From this ]K>riod he devoted almost all of his time to the subjects of chem- istry and meteorology'. In 1824 the Horticul- tural Society awarded him their silver medal for his Essay on Artificial Climate. He was ap- pointed professor of chemistry in King's College, London, in 1831, and in 1839 published his In- troduction to Chemical Philo.soiihy. He is the only person who ever obtained all of the three medals in the gift of the Royal Society. His Meteorological Essays contain the first scientific account of the knowii phenomeiui of the atmos- phere. He made the first precise determinations of atmospheric moisture by the use of the hy- grometer of his invention, and invented the Pan- iell cell, an electric battery furnishing a tolerably constant current. Besides the works mentioned he wrote a large number of interesting and valu- able papers for the Royal Society. DANIELL, Thomas (1749-1840). An Eng- lish |)ainter and etcher, born at Kingston-on- Thames. He was a pupil of the Royal Academy
