1888 WHS president of the Saint-Jean Baptiste Society of Montreal. His publications include liioffraphies ct jmrtraifs (1870) ; Lex hrros dr Chateauijuuij (1883); Les patriotcs de 1S37-3S (1884); Mes coiiteiiiporains (1804); Les deux -Fapineuu (1890); and Le clerge canadicii: tSa mission et son feuvre (ISOfl). The last-named work reproves certain Roman Catholics for in- tervention in political affairs, and was con- demned by the Congregation of the Index.
DAVID. Pierre Jean (1789-1856). A Freneli sculptor. He was born at Angers, March 12, 1789, and was called David d'Angers to dis- tinguish liini from David the painter. He went to Paris to study sculpture. Through the liber- ality of David tlie painter, who gave hiui gratu- itous instruction, he was finally enabled to take a prize and to pursue his studies in Rome. He was also a pupil of the sculptor RoUand, and at Rome lie frequented the ateliers of Canova and Thorwaldsen. But, notwithstanding this clas- sical training, lie copied nature with freedom and fidelity, and belongs to the early naturalists of this century, although not entirely free from •classic conventions. He was eminent as a portrait- ist in sculpture, always producing a work of real •art. The ease with which he handled relief is more manifest in his results than in foreshortening, where form is truthfully defined, and yet remains -suggestive. The work of David d'Angers is best studied in his own toAvn, and at P&re-la-Chaise. He executed man_y colossal works and numerous busts, but his fame also rests upon his medal- lions, of which those of Bonaparte and Mme. David are best known. Of his large works, there are the fine groups of the pediment of the Pan- theon in Paris, the commission for which was given him by the new Oovernment after the July revolution, during which David had fought in the ranks. In 1848 he was a member of the Con- stituent Assembly. After the coup d'etat by Napoleon III., he was sent into exile, but, after some time spent in r4reece, he returned to France. He died January 5, 1850. Among the statues •executed by David are "Jladame de Stael"; "Talma," for the Theatre Francais: '-Cuvier," "Corneille" (Rouen), and "Lafayette" (Wash- ington). Fenelon's monument at Cambray is also his work, as are busts of Goethe, Schel- ling, and Danneeker. His two chief works, besides the pediment of the Pantheon, are tle tomb of General Gobert (P6re-la-Chaise) , a very realistic production ; and his "Philopoemen" ( Louvre ) in classic garb. David w'as a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor, a professor in the Academy of Painters, and a member of the Institute. Con- sult: Brownell, History of French Art (New York, 1892) ; Gonse. La sculpture fravQiiise fiepuis le XIY. siecle (Paris, 1895) ; Jouin, David d'Aiificrs (Paris. 1878).
DAVID, or DEWI, S.«nt ( ? -601). The patron saint of Wales. He was, according to tradition (probably worthless), the grandson of Ceredig, King of Cardiganshire. He was edu- cated by monks and later went through Wales on a preaching tour. He also founded monas- teries, especially that one at Menevia. now called Saint David's, in Pembrokeshire, and there he became abbot, which office was equivalent to bishop and its holder was so designated. As bishop, he presided at the sjTiods of Brefi and 'Victory.' He died in 001, and was canonized in 1120; his festival is held on March 1. He was celebrated for his elocpience and success in conversion. Several works have been ascribed to him, but these are no longer extant. His life was written by Riceniarch, Bishop of Saint David's, who died about the year 1099, reprinted in W. J. Rees, Lircs of the Vamhro-British Htiinis of the Fifth and IminedialcUj /Succeeding Centu- ries, with an Knglish translation (London, 1853). Consult Rice Rees. An Essay on the ^Vclsh Saints (London, 18:i0).
DAVID AP G'WILYM. dii'vcd -ip gwf'lim (c.1300-70). The greatest of niedia-val Welsli poets. He was born either in Cardiganshire or lilamorganshirc. He was a man of considerable education, and his knowledge of Latin and Italian literatures has given rise to the belief that he was educated in Italy. His tendency to satirize his neighbors, as well as his numerous love affairs, brought him into frequent dilliculties. He has been compared to Shakespeare. Burns, Ovid, and Petrarch, and addressed to Morvydd, who may be called bis Laura, more than 147 poems. Morvydd was the dauglitcr of Madog l.awg.ain, and her marriage to a wealthy suitor was soon followed by her elopement with the poet. They are said to have escaped to France, but a lawsuit was brought against David by the outraged husband, to whom damages were adjudged in a large sum. L'nable to pay it, the poet might have languished in prison had not the people of CJlamorgan generously remitted the obligation. In gratitvide for this the poet dedi- cated two of Ills principal poems to Glamorgan. Two hundred and sixty-two of his poems were edited by Owen .Tones (ilyfyr) and William Owen-Pughe (London, 1789), and more have been lately discovered in the Mostyn Library and British Musevim. An admirable English ver- sion of the poems was published by Arthur James -Johnes (1834). See Welsh Literature. DAVID CITY. The county-seat of Butler County, Xeb.. 00 miles west of Omaha: on the Union Pacific, the Burlington and Missouri River, and the Fremont, Elkhorn and Jlissouri Valley railroads (Map: Neln-aska, CJ 2). It is the centre of an agricultural region. Population, in 1890, 2028; in 1900, 1845.
DAVID COP'PERFIELD. A novel by Dickens, published serially, beginning May, 1849. It was the author's favorite book, and is said to be partly autobiographical. It narrates the life of the hero from his birth to his marriage with the gentle Agnes — the early remarriage of his mother, her death, his miserable school days, his apprenticeship, his running ofl' to the home of an eccentric aunt, iliss Betsy Trotwood, his growth to manhood and liap])iness in his new surroundings, his first marriage with his 'child- wife.' Dora Spenlow. her death, and his final union with the patient daughter of Jfr. Wick- field.
DAVIDEIS. diivid'e-is. A sacred poem on tlie trciubles of David, the chief work of Cowley. ])ublished in 1656, and founded on the life of the second King of Israel.
DAVID GAR'RICK. A comedy by Robertson, which appeared in 1S64. and is a translation from the French play Sullivan. It purports to represent amatory incidents in the life of the famous eighteenth-century English actor, and
