DUVAL. 553 DUVERNOY. Le misanthrope du Marais (1832) ; Dc la littcra- turc (Irafiiudijite (18;i;i), a critical study; and Le thvatrt fraiigais depiiis ciiiqiiaiile ans (1838). DUVAL, Amai iiY (ITliO-lSSS). A French arehiBologist, brother of the preceding, born at Ecnnes. He was secretary of the French Lega- tion at Rome, and upon hi.s return to Paris was made a member of the institute (ISll), and of the Academy of Inscriptions (ISlti). His prin- cipal works are: Dtn scpullures chez les ancioin et les moderncn ( 1801 ) ; I'n'cis de la mcthode d'education de I'estalozzi (1804) ; ilonuments des arts du dcssin chez les peuples tant aiiciens que modenies (1829). DUVAL," Claude (1643-70). A notorious highwayman. He was born in Domfront, Nor- mandy, but went to England as a follower of the Duke of Richmond at the time of the Res- toration. Here he soon took to the life of a highwayman, and became famous no less for his gallantry to women than for the extent and audacity of his robberies. He was finally cap- tured, while intoxicated, and on January 21, 1670, was executed at Tyburn. His body was buried in Covent Garden Church, where a memorial was erected bearing an inscription be- ginning with the lines: Here Hfs Du Vail: Reader, if male thou art, Look to thy purse; if female, to thy heart. Consult Smith, hives of the Uighicaijmen (Lon- don, 1720). DUVAL, Matthias (1844—). A French phy- sician and physiologist. He was born at Grasse (Alpes ilaritimes), and was educated at Strass- bvirg, where he directed the ambulance service during the siege of 1870. Subsequently he joined the army of Bourbaki as chief of the medical staff. He was made professor of anatomy at the Ecole des Beiiux-Arts, director of the anthropo- logical laboratory of the Ecole des Hautes Etudes in 1880, and professor of histology and director of the Anthropological Institute in 1887. His more important publications (chiefly researches in anatomy and embryology') include: Cours de physiologie (translated by E. Kucss, as A Course of Lectures in Physiology, 1876) ; Precis de technique microscopiqiie rt histologique (1878) ; Manuel du microscope (with Lereboullet, 1873) ; Manuel de Vanatomie (with Morel): Atlas d'emliruolnrjir (1889) ; and Elements d'histoloqie (1890). DUVENECK, du've-n6k, Frakk (1848—). An American painter and etcher. He was born at Covington. Ky., and studied ten years in Munich, Germany, under Dietz. -fterwards he spent some time in Italy, particularly Venice, which city has provided svibjects for many of his best etchings, such as "Desdemona's House," "The Rialto," and "San Fietro di Castello." Among his paintings are ". Circassian" (1875), a portrait of Charles Dudlev Warner ( 1877 ) , and "The Profo-^sor" (1878). DUVERGIER DE HAURANNE, dii'vnr'- zhyft' dc .•/nin', .Tkan ( !.-)81 -1643) . A French theologian. He was born in Bayonne; studied at Louvain, where .Tansen was his fellow-student, and in 1620 was made Abbot of Saint Cvran. In Paris he fnrmeil a connection with the influential .Amauld family, and together with .Xn^'elique x- nauld, directress of the Convent of Port Royal, he completely reformed that institution. He made inlluential enemies, and was imprisoned by Richelieu at Vincennes in 1638. .fter Riclie- lieii's dealli he w;is releasi'd. See .T.VNSENISM. DUVERGIER DE HAURANNE, Pno.si-Kii (17US-1S81). A French publicist, born at Rouen. He was the son of Jean Marie Du- vergier de Hauranne, a publicist and man of politics, and while still young collaborated with Rossi and Guizot on the (llobc, and later on the Revue Fran<;aise. As Deputy from Sancerre he supported the views of Casimir- Perier and Thiers, and became greatly op- posed to the policy of his old friend Guizot. In 1848 he was elected a member of the Constitu- tional Assembly, and his Royalist opinions caused- him to be arrested and exiled in Uie coup d'etat that followed. In 1S.'52 he returned to France and wrote his Ilistoirc du yourcrncinrni parte- mentaire en France de ISL) a ISJ/S (1857-1873). For this and other writings he was elected a member of the Academy (1870). Six years after- wards he entered the Senate, but his interest in public atTairs had declined, and he soon retired permanentl.v. His articles contributed from time to time to the Revue des Deux Mondes are among the most important of his publications. DUVERNEY, dn'vjlr'nfi', Glichard Joseph (1048-1730). A French anatomist, born at Feurs (Loire). His notably successful lectures on anatcmi.y in the hall of Saint Come in Paris se- cured for him an appointment in 1679 to the professorship of anatomy at the Jardiu du Roi. "Perhaps no other Frenchman since Riofan did so much to advance the interests of the science, especially as regards his researches on the physiology of sight and on the relation between the external and the internal ear. as embodied in his work entitled Trait)' de I'organe de I'ouie ( 10S3 ; frequentl.v reprinted). DUVERNOIS, di.i'var'nwjl'. Cl^.ment (1836- 79). A French journalist and editor, born in Paris. He wrote considerabl.y for various newspa- pers — La Liberie, Le Courrier dc Paris, L'Epoque, and others. In 1868 he founded and became editor of Le Peuple (from 1869 Le Peuple Fran- Cais) , a journal inspired bv Napoleon III., sub- sidized by Government funds, sold cheaply, and made an important agency in strengthening the cause of the Empire among the masses. He was in 1869 elected a Deput.v from Hautes-.Xlpes in the Corps Lcgislatif. In 1870 he moved a vote of lack of confidence in the Ollivier Cabinet, there- upon succeeded bv the Palikao IMinistry, in which he assumed the portfolio of Commerce and Agriculture. After the Revolution of the Fourtli of September, he withdrew to England, but returned in 1871 and founded L'Ordre, an Im- perialistic slieet, conducted after the fashion of ]^e Peuple. The failure for large amounts of the Territorial Bank of Spain, of which he was a di- rector, brought upon him two years' imprison nient for fraud. He published several works on contciiiporarv politics. DUVERNOY, dii'vftr'nwa', Georges Lotns (1777-1S55). . Frencli naturalist. He was in- vited liy Cuvicr to assist him in his work on comparative anatomy, and edited the last three volumes of Cuvier's Lei^ons d'anatomie comparde. Mier practicing medicine for twenty .vears. he was chosen professor of natural history at StrAss- burg in 1827, and from 1837 until" his death was a professor in the College dc France, first of
