FALERII. i:;:i FALK. lana (q.v.) • Ruins of the Roman or later Falerii, consisting of a part of the ancient walls, are still visible. Excavations in the neighborhood have led to the discovery of extensive cemeteries, containing a series of graves, of great value as indicating the growth of civilization in Italy. Consult Barnabei and Gamurrini, "Antichitil del tcrritorio Falisco," etc., in Monumenti Antichi, vol. iv. (Rome, 1805). Unfortunately, the ac- curacy of these reports is open to grave doubts. F ALER'NI AN WINE ( Lat. Fa tcrnum, Falernum vinum), one of the favorite wines of the Romans, so called from the Ager Falernus, the district in which it was grown, which lay in the northern portion of Campania, between the Mas- siean hills and the northern bank of the Vultur- nus. It is described by Horace as, in his time, surpassing all other wines then in repute. In the time of Pliny, however, Falernian wine had already, owing to a want of care in its cultiva- tion, begun to decline in quality. A wine pro- duced in this district is still known as 'Falerno.' FALGTJIERE, fal'gyar', Jean Alexandre Joseph (1831-1900). A French sculptor and painter, born in Toulouse. He studied in Paris under Jouffroy, and won the Prix de Rome in 1859. His large works include the fountain of Saint Mary at Rouen and an allegorical group of the Republic of France for the Arc de Tri- omphe. His single figures are more successful, and, although lacking in delicacy and elevation, he is always vigorous and technically strong. The Luxembourg has a picture by him, "Fan and Poniard" (1882), which invites the same criticism. Other works by him are "The Winner of the Cock Fight" (1804), a spirited bronze group in the Luxembourg; "Eve" (1880); "Diana" (1882), a very naturalistic nude, which was the sensation of the Salon; the monument of Gambetta for the city of Cahors (1883) ; "Tar- cisius." in the Luxembourg; "The Dancer" I 1896) ; and "The Poet on Pegasus" ( 1897 ) . His "Saint Vincent de Paul" (1879) of the Pantheon is a finely conceived group, and is considered by many hi.s masterpiece. His "Balzac" was erected in 1902. FALIERI, fa-lya're, Marino (c. 1275-1355). A celebrated Venetian Doge, elected to office in 1354, when nearly eighty, after rendering the Republic great service as commander-in-chief at the siege of Zara, in Dalmatia. His bitter resent- ment seems to have been aroused by an offensive libel on his fair and youthful wife, the author of which owed some grudge to the Doge. The pun- ishment imposed on the young noble by a patri- cian tribunal seemed to Falieri wholly inade- quate, and in order to avenge this double slight he organized an audacious plot with the object of overthrowing the Republic and massacring the heads of the aristocracy, to be followed by his own assumption of sovereign rights. The con- spiracy was, however, revealed on the eve of its execution, and Falieri was arrested. He suffered death by decapitation on April 17, 1355. In the hall of the Great Council, which contains the portraits of all the doges, the space allotted to that of Falieri is draped with a veil of sable, and bears the following inscription: "Marino Falieri, executed for treason." Byron has made the fate of Falieri the subject of a drama. Con- sult Brown, Venice (New York, 1893). FALK, fiilk, Johann Daniel ( 1768-1826). A German author and philanthropist, born in Dan zig. After study at the University of llalle he turned to literature, wrote several satirical poems, and in 1797 became, through Wieland (q.v.), a member ol the Weimar Literary Cir- cle, When Napoleon's army invaded the duchy in L806, his knowledge of the French lan- guage enabled him to moderate to some ex- h ni the spoliation of the country, and later gained for him the post of secretarj to [ntendant- Genera] Yilain at Naumburg. In 1813 he founded the Society of Friends in Need, and in the same year established at Weimar the first instil ut inn in Germany for the care and educa- tion nl neglected and orphan children. This was taken over i' t he Mate in 1829 and si ill exists as the 'Falksche Instiiut.' Falk's publications in- clude /), ,• itensch und die Eelden i 1798), Ocean- iden ( 1812 ) , and Goethe aus nfflu rm pi i sonlicht n Umgange dargestellt (1832; 3d ed. 1856). Con- sult Stein (Nietschmaiin I . Johannes Folk. Ein /, ,i und Lehensbild (Halle, 1881). FALK, Max (1828—). An Hungarian politi- cian and publicist. He was born and educated at Pest, entered the Polytechnic Institute at Vienna, and became a member of the Acadetnic Legion in 1848. As editor of the Wanderer of Vienna he strongly advocated the restoration of the Hungarian Constitution, and soon after the negotiations concerning the compromise with Hungary had been resumed, he was appointed private lecturer on Hungarian history and litera- ture to the Empress Elizabeth. As editor-in- chief of the Pester Lloyd he made his influence widely felt. In 1869 he was elected a member of the Hungarian Parliament, where he identified himself with the party of which Deak, Eotvos, and Andrassy were the most prominent represen- tatives. With Brachelli he published the twelfth German edition of Gallettis's Allgemeime Welt- kimde (1859-60). His independent literary pn ductions, which include the biography, Qraf Ste- phen Sz4chenyi und seine Zeit (1868. also pub- lished in Hungarian), have appeared chiefly in the Oesterreichische Revue. FALK, Adalbert (1827-1900). A Prussian statesman. He was born at Metschkau, Silesia, August 10, 1827. He was the son of a Protestant clergyman, and studied law at Breslau and Ber- lin. In 1847 he entered the State service of Prussia; in 1850 he was appointed As- sistant State Attorney at Breslau, and in 1853 State Attorney at Lyck. In 1858 he was elected to the Prussian Chamber of Depu- ties, and served as a member of the com- mittee on petitions, budget, and military affairs, 1858-61. In 1862 he was appointed counselor of the Court of Appeals in Glogau. Silesia, and in 1867 was elected to represent that district in the Provisional Parliament of the North German Confederation. In 1S68 he was permanently as- signed as counselor of the .Ministry of Justice, and devoted himself zealously to the new" codifica- tion of laws for the North German Confederation, performing a similar work afterwards for the German Empire. In 1871 the Emperor appointed Dr. Falk one of the representatives of Prussia in the Federal Council. In 1872 he'succeeded Von Mithler as Prussian Minister for Ecclesiastical Educational Affairs i Kultusniinister ) . He in- troduced a law. passed March 11, 1872, ac-
