FERDINAND. 540 FERGHANA. FERDINAND (1721-92). Duke of Bruns- wick and Prussian field-marshal, a son of Fer- dinand Albert II. (q.v.). He was born at Wol- fenbiittel, one of a family of fourteen children. After a journey through the Netherlands, France, Italy, and Austria, lie entered the Prussian service in 1740 as colonel, served on the staff of Frederick the Great during the first Silesian War, and afterwards remained the companion of the King. .Subsequently appointed major- general, he served as commander of the foot- guards in the Silesian campaign of 1745, when he greatly distinguished himself at the battle of Hohenfreidberg. He was one of the most, skillful commanders during the Seven Years' War, his most notable achievements being his victories over the French at Crefeld ( 1758 > and Minden ( 1759) . He was noted for his patronage of science and art, and for his numerous charities. FERDINAND (1816-85). Titular King of Portugal. He was born at Vienna, October 29, 1816, the eldest son of Ferdinand, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. In 1836 he married Don- na Maria da Gloria, Queen of Portugal. He received the title of King the next year, and after the death of the Queen, in 1853, he acted as regent till 1855, during the minority of his son Pedro V. In spite of his foreign extrac- tion Ferdinand was very popular in Portugal. In 1869 he was offered the Spanish crown by an influential delegation, but he wisely re- fused. The same year he made a love marriage with the celebrated American vocalist, Eliza Hensler, whom he created Countess of Edla. The rest of his life was spent in retirement. He de- voted himself to painting and engraving with considerable success. He died in Lisbon, Decem- ber 15, 1885. Of the three sons of his first mar- riage, two. Pedro and Louis, became Kings of Portugal. Consult: Geidraye, Resume de I'his- toire du Portugal au XlXime siicle (Paris, 1875); also !/• amirs of the Duke of Saldanha (London, 1880). FERDINAND OF PORTUGAL (140243). A prince of Portugal called the 'Holy Prince,' the sixth son of King John I. He took part in the expe- dition against Tangiers, under the leadership .if his brother Henry (1437). Upon its defeat Fer- dinand was left as hostage in the hands of the King of Fez for the city of Ceuta, which Henry had promised as ransom. King John and the Cortes refused to yield it. and Ferdinand dragged out a slavery of sis years. His bones were broughl back td Portugal, and he was canonized in 1470. FERDINAND. Qer. pron. fer'd.' niint. Victor Albert Mainbad (1865—), Prince of Rumania. He was born at Sigmaringen, Prussia, the second son of Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern, elder brother of King Charles I. of Rumania, After his father and his elder brother had renounced their title to the crown (November 22, L888), he was declared heir presumptive. In 1889 he became Senator, and on March 18, 1889, via- formally in- vesied with the title of Prince of Rumania, and pronounced by the King and the legislative as ! ' r to the i hrone. < In January 10, 1893, be married Maria, the eldest daughter ni i he I inke of Edinburgh. FERDINAND ALBERT II. (1680-1735). Duke of Brunswick. He was a son of Ferdinand Albeit 1. (1638-87), lir-i Duke of Brunswiek- Bevern. During the War of the Spanish Suc- cession he fought with the Imperial army in Wiirttemberg and Bavaria, and in 1711 became lieutenant-general. He fought in the Turkish wars in the army of Prince Eugene, and dis- tinguished himself at Temesvar and Belgrade. As field-marshal of the Empire (1733) he conducted the army from Pilsen to the Rhine, and subse- quently took part in the operations there. He became Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbiittel March 1, 1735, the year of his death. He was a particu- lar favorite with King Frederick William I. of Prussia. FERDINAND WILLIAM: (1659-1701). . Prince of Wurttemberg-Neustadt. He was edu- cated in mathematics and military science, and after serving in Denmark entered the Imperial army, and fought with distinction against the Turks and the French. In 1C90 he commanded the auxiliary Danish troops in the campaign against Ireland. He subsequently led the same troops to Holland, where he distinguished himself in the conflicts with the French at Steenkerk and Neerwinden, and became general of infantry. In 1008 he entered the service of King Augustus the Strong of Poland and defeated the Turks in the Ukraine, compelling them to cede to Poland a portion of Podolia. FER'DINAND. ( 1 ) The son of the King of Naples in Shakespeare's Tempest. By the magic of his uncle Prospero he is shipwrecked on the enchanted isle, where he falls in love with Mi- randa. (2) The King of Navarre in Shake- speare's Love's Labour's Lost. (3) The Count of Calabria in Webster's Duchess of Malfi. He mur- ders his sister, the title-character, because he thinks her false to family traditions. FERDINAND AND ISABELLA, History of the Reign of. A work by William H. Pres- cott, published in 1837. FERDINAND, COUNT FATHOM, The Ad- ventures of. The third of Smollett's novels (1753). It is a satire against the prevalence of brutality, and contains a famous scene in a rob- ber's hut in the Black Forest. FERENTINO, fa'ren-te'no. A city in the Province of Rome. Italy. 1450 feet above the 50 miles southeast of Rome (Jlap: Italy. II 6 Enormous blocks of stnne and a gatewaj on tin- west mark the course of the walls of the ancient Ferentinum, a town of the Hernici colonized by the Romans. The town markets wine and oil. and has a seminary . a gymnasium, and a cathedral paved with ancient marbles and mosaics. Popu- lation, in 1001 (commune), 12.279. FERENTO, fa-ren'ti'i. A ruined city in ecu tral Italy, five miles north of Viterbo. It is near the site of the ancient Ferentinum, original- ly an Etruscan city. There are extensive Etrus can, Roman, and mediawal remains of walls, baths, and a huge theatre. FERGHANA, fergli'na. A territory {oblast) of Russian Turkestan, Central Asia, situ between Easl Turkestan, the Pamir, Bokhara and the remainder of Russian Turkestan (Map Asia, <l 5i. Ii- area is approximately 35,500 square miles. With the exception of the centi il portion, which forms the valley of Ike Upper Sir-Dana, the surface of Ferghana consists both of mountains and steppes. The Alii and Trans Vlai Mountains traverse it in the south. The
