KAARTA. 359 KABYLES. the country, were conquered by the latter. The region was annexed to Segu in 1S53, under whose dominion it remained till 1891, when it was taken by the French. The chief trading town is Xioro, in the northern' part. Kuniakari, a small town, is the capital. KABALASSOTJ, ka'ba-las'soo (South Ameri- can name). The largest of armadillos (Priodon gigus). It inhabits Brazil, and is three feet in length, with a tail twentj' inches long. It has powerful claws, which enable it to dig deep bur- rows, and it is accused of exhuming buried corpses, and hence is regarded with general aversion. It feeds upon carrion and termites. See Abm.^uillo. KABALE TIND LIEBE, ka-ba'le unt le'be (Ger., Intrigue and Love). An early drama by Schiller (1784). Ferdinand von Walter refuses a marriage arranged for him by his father with Lady Jlilford, and is determined to marry Luisa Miiller, the daughter of a musician. The ambi- tious father, through his un.scrupulous secretary, plans the young girl's ruin, and, by means of a love-letter secured from her in the hope of obtain- ing her father's freedom, destroys Ferdinand's faith in her. The latter kills her and himself by poison, learning the truth from her last words. The play, with much false sentiment, contains masterly delineations of character and still retains its popularity on the stage' KABAKDS', or KABEBTAI, ka-ber'tl. A remnant of the Circassians, living in the western and central Caucasus; height, 1.C84 meters or 1.697 meters for the highlanders; ratio of head- width to head-length, 83.7. There are about 30,- 000 of them, and their speech forms one of the independent linguistic families of this region. In religion they are chiefly Mohammedans. KABASSOU, ka-bas'soo, or CABASSOU (South American name). An armadillo of the genus Xenurus. characterized by the existence of 12 or 13 movable plates between the ends of the body, and by the extraordinary length of the first two digits. Two species exist in tropical South America, of which the best known is Xenurus iinicinctKS. Both burrow with great facility. See ARM.iDiLLO. KABBALAH, kab'ba-la. See Cabbala. KAB IBN ZUHAIR. See K.AB IBN ZUHAIB. KABUl. ka-b— ,1', or CABUL. Tlie capital of Afghanistan and of the province of the same name, in latitude 34° 30' X., and longitude 69° 16' E., near the point where the Kabul River, here crossed hv three bridges, ceases to be fordable (Map: Afghanistan, L 4). Elevated about 6400 feet, and overtopped within a short distance to the north by pinnacles of the Hindu Kush, about 14.000 feet higher than itself, Kabul has severe winters, and temperate summers ranging from 75 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit. On the southeast, crowning a hill 150 feet high, the Balahissar, a dismantled citadel, formerly the residence of the .meer, dominates the city. The city Is divided into four parts by the principal bazaar, the streets of which converge to a central square. The streets are badly paved, and the houses, which are as a rule only two or three stories high, are built of sun-dried bricks and wood, and have flat roofs ; but the erection of new buildings, improvements in roads, etc., in recent years exhibit a decided advance toward modem civilization. On the outskirts of the city are extensive machine-shops, including a plant for electric light, and a rifle and cartridge factory. This arsenal is connected by rail with a marble quarry, about 10 miles distant. The water- supply of the city is abundant and generally good. A considerable domestic trade is carried on, and European goods are largely imported. Kabul is the centre of a prolific fruit-growing district, especially noted for its melons and grapes. The inhabitants are Mohammedans of the Sunnite sect. They are not very dark in color, are strong, well built, and have a Jewish cast of countenance. The language of the com- mon people is the Pushtu dialect, but the higher clas.ses speak the Persian language. The city is regarded as a ver}' important strategic point. In the days of the Sultan Baber, Kabul was the capital of the Mogul Empire. The tombs of this Sultan, near the outer edge of the city, are among its most important monuments. Kabul has witnessed some of the most momentous events in Anglo-Indian history. In 1839 it was taken by the British; in 1841 it was lost, owing to an outbreak which led to the massacre at the beginning of 1842 of about 4000 soldiers and 12,- 000 followers; and finally, after being recovered by General Pollock m the same year, it was abandoned, its bazaars and public buildings hav- ing previously been burned to the ground. From 1800 to 1868 Kabul was the principal scene of action in the civil v.ar between the rival sons of Dost Mohammed, one of whom, Afzul, occupied the city for a time and proclaimed himself "Ameer of Kabul.' The rightful Ameer, Shere Ali, finallj' regained possession of the city in 1868, and it became again the capital of Afghan- istan. In 1879 it witnessed the massacre of Major Cavagnari, the British resident, and his stall'. This resulted in Lord Roberts's campaign, the victory of Charasaib, and the British occupa- tion of Kabul for a year. Estimated population. 70.000. Consult Biirnes, Cabool (Philadelphia, 1843), KABUL. A river of Afghanistan, rising on the slopes of the Paghman Mountains — a spur of the Hindu Kush or Indian Caucasus — in the northeastern part of the country (Map: Afghan- istan, M 4). Its source is 8400 feet above the level of the sea ; and after an eastward course of 270 miles, with numerous rapids through steep and narrow defiles, through the Khyber Moun- tains and across the District of Peshawar, it empties into the Indus, opposite Attock, in the Punjab. The point of confluence marks the head of navigation on the Indus, while the tributary' is navigable about fifty miles up to Duobandi for craft of 40 or 50 tons. By means of the two streams there exists an available com- munication of about 1000 miles between the Khyber Mountains and the Indian Ocean. The Kabul flows past the cities of Kabul and Jelala- bad. KABYLES, ka-bilz' (Ar. qaWat. pi., qaba'il, tribes). The Arabic name for the Haniitic Ber- bers', niunbering about half a million and in- habiting the table-lands of Algeria. In a narrow sense Kabylia is restricted to a tract in Algeria divided by the Sahel River into Great Kabylia on the west, with the mountains rising 7500 feet, and Little Kabylia on the east, with cliffs 3000 feet above the sea. The Kabyles of Herodotus were among the first Libyan tribes encountered by the Arab invaders. When the Mohammedans
