LACY. 680 LADIES OF QUEEN'S HOUSEHOLD. the Civil War; after the Restoration became a favorite actor; played Teague in Howard's Voiiimittcc, and was the original Hayes in Buck- ingham's lichearsnl (1671). His e.periences as soldier he turned to good account in The Old 'Jroop, a farce. Consult his Dramatic Works, with memoir and notes (London, 1875). LADAKH, la-dak'. A district in the east cen- tral part of Kashmir (q.v.), British India, form- ing part of the upper valley of the Indus, between the Western Himalayas and the Karakurum Kange. The area of Ladakh proper is about 80U0 square miles, but the name is applied to a wider region. The population numbers about 30.000. The whole district is highly elevated, and is crossed by a number of lofty mountain-spurs, with narrow valleys between them. The air is exceedingly drj' and the climate is severe, with enormous variations in temperature. Notwith- standing this, ])rctty good crops of wheat, barley, and buckwheat are raised. The mineral products are sulphur, iron, borax, silver, and gold. The woolen manufactures are imjiorlant. 'fhe transit trade is extensive, being carried mostly on mules and sheep. The capital is Leh. Ladakh was orig- inally a province of Tibet, after which it was for a time independent until 183!), when it was anncxeil to Kashmir. LADAKHI, la-diiklic. The natives of Ladakh. They are reputed to be peaceful and industrious. Some of their settlements are 14,000 feet above sea-level. Their dress is peculiar in several re- .spects, and their wonien ))aint their faces in In- dian fashion. Their addiction to rhaiiqc^ or native sour beer, has made liquor legislation necessary. They s|)eak an .Vryan dialect closely related to " Kashmiri, but are thought by some authorities to have a largic strain of Mongolian bloml. The La- dakhi are Buddhists, with an interesting folk- religion behind the adopted one. The folk-poetry of tiie Ladakhi is extensive. A brief collection of Ladakhi proverbs has been published by Rev. H. Kranke. a missionary at I.t'h, in the Journal of the Asiatic Socictij of Binrjal for 1000. LA'DAS (Lat., from Gk. AdSas). A swift runner of Laconia, whose speed Itecame so pro- verbial that he is frequently mentioned by both Greek and Roman writers. LADD, George Trumbull (1842—). An American psychologist and philosopher born at Painesville, Ohio. January 1!), 1842. He gradu- ated from Western Reserve College, and later from .4ndover Theological Seminary. He received from the latter the degree of D.l).', 1879; LL.D., 189.5: also LL.D. from Princeton, 1890. He left Andover in 1809: occupied pastorates at Edin- burgh. Ohio, and at Jlilwaukee, Wis.; became professor of ])hilosophv at Bowdoin College (1879), and was called to the chair of philos- ophy at Yale in 1881. In 1892 he gave a series of lectures on philosophy in Japan. He has written: Principles of Church Polity (1881); The Doctrine of fiacred Scripture (1883) ; Phil- osophy of Religion (1885) : Prnclicnl Philosophy (1885): Elements of Physiolorfical Psychologii 11887) ; What Is the Bihlr? (1888) ; introduc- tion to Philosophy (1890) ; Outlines of Pliysio- loyicaJ Psychohifiy (1891): Psyelwlofiy, Descrip- tive and Explnnatori/ (1894) : Philosophi/ of Mind (1895) : Philosophy of Knouledfie (1897) : Out- lines of Descriptire Psychology (1898) ; Primer of Psychology (1898); Essays on the Higher Education (1890) ; A Theory of Reality (1899) ; The Philosophy of Conduct (1902). LADD, William (1778-1841). An American philanthropist, born in Portsmouth, N. H. After graduating at Harvard (1797), he took to the sea, and came to be known as a capable New England captain. A disbeliever in war for any purpose, he turned landsman at the outbreak of the War of 1812, and devoted both tongue and pen to preaching non-resistance. He was presi- dent of the American Peace Society, editor of its organ. The Friend of Peace, afterwards The Uarh'nijcr of Peace, and published separate ad- dresses to the peace societies of ilaiue (1824), of Massadiusetts ( 1825). and An Essay on the Con- gress of Xatioiis (1840). LADDEB-SHELL. See Wentle-Tbap. LADEGAST, lii'dc-gast, Fkiedrich (1818—). A l_ierman organ-builder, born at Hochhermsdorf, near Koclililz. in Saxony. He served an ap- prenticeship with his elder brother, and then established liimself at Weissenfels in 1840. He first became known through the cathedral organ at ilerseburg, which he rebuilt in 1855. In con- jmiction with his son, Oskar (1850 — ), he built more tlian 150 organs, most of them of large size. LADENBURG, lil'den-bourK, Albert (1842 — ). A Gomian chemist, born at JMannheim and educated at Heidelberg, IJerlin, Ghent, and Paris. He made special studies of the synthesis of Conine and the formation of benzol; and con- tributed to the history of chemistry Eiitwiek- luiiysyischichlc der Chemie in den letzten hun- dert Juhren (2d ed. 1887). He wrote largely for Liebig's Annalen (vol. 135 sqq.), and for the licrichle der deutschcn chcmischcn Gcscll- schaft ( VI il. 1 M|q.) . LADIES' CATHOLIC BENEVOLENT AS- SOCIATION. A society of Roman Catholic women, established for the purpose of providing benefits to be paid to the families of members after death. It was organized at Titusville, Pa., in April. 1890. and received a charter in Erie County. Pa. The central olfice of the associa- tion is at Union City, Pa., and the govern- ment is vested in a sujjreme council, which has jurisdiction throughout the United States. At the close of the fiscal year 1902 there were 780 subordinate branches in existence, w-itli a total membership of 77,425. The amount paid during the year to beneficiaries was $408,.500, and the total benefits disbursed since organiza- tion amounted to .$2,229,452. The charter is per- petual, and the association has no capital stock, claims being provided for on the assessment plan. LADIES OF THE QUEEN'S HOUSE- HOLD. In Great Britain these comprise the mis- tress of the robes, the ladies of the bech-hnmber, the bedchamber women, and the maids of liotior. The oflice of mistress of the robes is of consider- able antiquity. It is her duty to regulate the rotation and times of attendance of the rest of the ladies of the household, who are all subordi- nate to her. She has the superintendence of all duties connected with the bedrliamber, and the custody of the robes. On state occasions, she must see that the ceremony of robing the Queen is properly performed. In public ceremonials, she accompanies the Queen in the same carriage, or walks immediately before her Majesty. The
