LANDON. 73T LANDBY. (1809-19) ; and AnnaUs du musie et de I'ecole modcnic (lis beuuxarln (1821). LAN'DON, Letitia Elizabeth (1802-38). An English poetess — better known by her initials L. E. L. — born in Clielsea, August 14, 1802. As a girl, she was fond of reading. In 1820 her first poem, "Kome," appeared in the Literary Gazette, and attracted considerable attention. She pub- lished several volumes of verse, the most widely read and admired of which was the 1 in pre/visa- trice (1824), contributed to the annuals. She wrote three novels, of which the best swms to be Elhet Vhttrchitl (18.37). On .June 7, 18^8. she iriarried George Maclean, (iovernor of Cape Coast Castle, and was found dead in her new home on October 15, 18.38. She was in the habit of tak- ing prussic acid as a medicine, and is thought to have died from an overdose. L. E. L. was ex- tremely popular in her own time. Consult : Blanchard. Life and Ketnains of London- (Lon- don. 1841): and Poetical Works, edited by W. B. Scott (London, 1873). LAN'DOR, V.i.TEB Savace ( 177.5-18G4). An English poet and prose writer. S(m of Walter Landor and of Elizabeth Savage, born at Ipsley Court. Warwickshire, .January 30. 1775. As a sturdy boy of twelve he was sent to Rugby, where be distinguished himself in Latin verse. Owing to an ungovernable temper he was dilTicult to manage, and was accordingly removed from Rugby at the advice of the head master. In 1793 he entered Trinity College. Oxford. Un- conventional in his bearing, too pronounced in his republican opinions, he got into dilliculties there. Tor firing a gun at the window of a Tory undergrniluate he was rusticated in 1794. and never returned. He quarreled with his father over the incident, and was left to look after him- self on an allowance of £1.50 a year. He now spent three years in Wales, where he wrote fSehir (1798). which shows the influence that Milton and Pindar were then exercising upon him. The poem was greatly admired by Coleridge. Southey, and the young Shelley.but it foimd no favor with the general public. Writing with almost eciual facility in Latin, he made a Latin version of the poem (1803). On the death of his father in 1805 he succeeded to the family estates, and began squandering them at Bath. For a few- months in 1808 he served under lilake in Spain, largely to gratify a dislike to the French which he had conceived on a visit to Paris in 1802. In 1809 he purchased the estate of Llanthony Abbey, in South Wales, where by bis extrava- gance and quarrels he wasted a large part of his patrinuiny. In 1811 he married .Julia Thnillier. the daughter of an iinsnccessful banker. The marriage was particularly unfortun- ate. At this time he wrote a tragedy. Counf Julian (1812). which, though ill adapted to the stage, is a most impressive dramatic poem. Leaving his Welsh estate in charge of his mother, he settled first at Tours, and then in Italy, where he lived mostly until 1835. occupying the Palazjto Medici in Florence and the Villa Ohera- desca in Fiesole To this period and the years following l)elong the delightful Imaijinan/ Con- rrrsdtinns (1.824-20) : the Citntion and Fxamina- tinii of Williiiw !<h(iK-esi)carc . . . Touching Deer ■ fStealinrj (1834): Pericles and A.tpnsia (183G): ami The Pentamernn (1837). In 18.38 he settled in Bath, where he lived, with some interruptions, till 1858. In the meantime he had published his choicest poems, the Hellenics ( 184ti ) , some of which were translations of Latia poems written when a young man under the title Idyllia Beroiea (1814, 1820). Best of them is "The Hamadrj'ad." In 1858 Landor returned to Italy, eventually taking apartments at Flor- ence. Here lie was aided by Browning and vis- ited by Swinburne. He died St^ptember 17, 1804. Landor's was a powerful personality connecting the earlier and later poets of the nineteenth century. His poetry has never been widely read, but has almost invariably charmed the poets themselves. His prose, though uneven in quality, rises at times to magnificence. As a man he was given to explosions of anger, but also to e.- ])losi(ms of laughter. He was kind-hearted and chivalrous, and made many friends as well as enemies. Consult his Works, with life by Forster (8 vols., London. 1876) ; Letters and Other Un- published ^yritings, edited by Wheeler (ib., 1897) ; Letters, Private and Public, edited by Wheeler (ib., 1899) : and Colvin, Landor, in ••English Men of Letters Series" (ib., 1881). LANDOTJZY, la.v'doo'ze', Lofis .Joseph Tii£o- I'liiiE (184.5 — I. A French phj-sician, born at Itheims. He took part in tlie Franco-Carman War. graduated from the medical school in Paris, in lS7tj. became an associate of its faculty in 1880. and professor of therapeutics and materia medica in 1893. Tlie experience gained,. as phy- sician at different hospitals from 1879 enabled him to make extensive observations in nervous dis- eases, and he published monographs: .S'ur la tuber- culose infantile (1875-88); iS'i/r les paralysies dans les maladies aigues (1880): Kecherches sur les causes de I'atajcie locomotrice progressive (1882), the collaboration with Ballet" which gained an Academy prize: Hur la myopathie ntrophique progressive (1886). with Dejerine, and crowned by the Institute: and Les serothera- pies, hxons de therapeutique et matii-re mMicale (1898). LAND-BAIL. An English name for the corn- crake. See Crake: Rail; and Plate of Rails, ETC. LAN'DEETH, David (180280). An Ameri- can seedsman. He was born in Philadelphia, and was the son of David Landreth. an Eng- lishman, who in 1784 established in Philadelphia a nursery and seed house. David the yoimger became a partner in the firm, and until 1.828 was manager of the branch store in Charleston, S. C. which was confiscated by the Confederacy during the Civil War. He then succeeded his father as head of the firm in Philadelphia. From that time forward his leisure was devoted to writing and matters of public interest. He was one of the founders of the Philadelphia Hor- ticultural Society, for which organization he acted as corresponding secretary from 1828 to 1835. and was an .active nieml)er of numerous other societies, notably the Philadelphia Society for Promotion of Agriculture and the United States Agricultural Society, in which he held the posts of president and vice-president respec- tively. His most notable work, which appeared at Philadelphia in 1847. was the American edi- tion of .1 Dictionary of Modern Gardening, an English work by .Johnson. LAN'DRY, Arcr.sTE Ch.^ri.e.s Philippe Rob- ert (1846—). A Canadian statesman and au-
