(1869); and Encyclopaedia of Freemasonry <1S74).
McKIB'BIN, Chambers (1841 — ). An Ameri- can iulilier. Iiiirn in Cliambersburg, Pa. He en- listed as a private in the Regular Army during the Civil War. and in 1807 was |)romuted to be captain, and in 18112 to be major. In ISftS, a.s lieutenant-colonel of the Twenty-fifth Infantry, he participated in the invasion of C'ulia, and re- ceived in official reports special mention for dis- tinguished service. He was subsequentlj' made brigadier-general of volunteer.s, and was ap- pointed military Governor of Santiago de Cuba, in which office he was succeeded by Gen. Leonard Wood.
MACK1E, John JIiltox (1813-94). An
American author, born in Wareham, Mass. He
graduated at Brown University in 1832, and
was tutor there in 1835-38. He contributed to
reviews, and jniblislied Life of (Jodfrcy William
roil heihnit^ (1845) ; Life of Hchamyl. the Cir-
cassian Chief (1856); and From Cape Cod to
Dixie (1864). He was. besides, a frequent con-
tributor to the orth American lievien:.
McKIM', Charles Follex (1847—). An American architect, son of J. M. McKim. He was born in Chester County, Pa., August 24, 1847, and was educated in Harvard University and in the Ecole des Beau.K-Arts, Paris. In eon- junction with his partners, W. E. ilead and Stan- ford White, he has, since 1880, contributed greatly to the improvement of architecture in the United States. He made designs for the Boston Public Library; the Librarj', and other buildings of Columbia University, the Century, Metropolitan, and University clubs, and the Bowery Savings Bank, all in New York; the Agricultural Build- ing at the Cohimbian Exhibition in Chicago (1893); and the vast and splendid scheme for the improvement of Washington, D. C. ( in con- junction with D. H. Burnham and F. L. Olmsted, Jr.). In other works, like the Madison Square Garden. Washington Arch, and the Library and Hall of Fame of >?ew York University, all in Xew Y'ork, ilr. McKim's hand is less predomi- nant, but still evident. His success has been in large measure due to an admirable skill in pro- ducing large monumental effects, chiefly with adaptations of classic and Renaissance motives, and to a refined taste combined with a highly developed decorative sense.
McKIM, James Miller (1810-74). An American abolitionist, born in Carlisle. Pa. He studied at Dickinson and Princeton, and then entered the ministry of the Presbyterian Church, but soon after the organization of the American anti-slavery movement, left the pulpit to devote himself to the cause of emancipation, which he served with marked ability until near the close of the Civil War, as lecturer, organizer, corre- sponding secretary of the Pennsylvania Anti- Slavery Society, and editor at times of the Penn- sylvania Freeman. When the emancipation of tlie slaves was proclaimed by President Lincoln, he resigned his office in the anti-slavery society to devote himself to the work of the Freedmen's Aid Commission, where his earnest devotion and wide experience were of the greatest value.
MACKINAC (mak'I-na) ISLAND. A city in Mackinac County. Mich., on an island of the same name, situated in the Straits of Mackinac connecting lakes Huron and Michigan, 260 miles north by west of Detroit (Maj): .Michigan, .13). The island, three miles in length by two in width, is rocky and densely wooded, and is a popular place of resort, noted for its healthful climate and pictnresqueness. Fort Jlackinac, on an ele- vation back of the city, which is sitinited on the southern shore, commands the strait. The village of Mackinac Island received a city charter in l!l()l). Population, in IS'.IO, 750; in" 1900, 665.
MACKINAW TROUT. See Xamaycush.
McKIN'LEY, William (1843-1901). The twenty-tilth President of the United States, born at Xiles. Ohio, .January 29, 1843, of Scotch-Irish ancestry. His great-grandfather, David Mc- Kinley, a soldier of the Revolution, was a resi- dent of Y'ork County. Pa., and removed thence to Ohio, where, in 1829, bis grandson William married Nancy Allison. From this marriage came nine children, the seventli of whom, the subject of this sketch, was early engaged, as had been his father and gramlfatlier before him. in the iron industry. He secured, however, a partial education at the Poland Academy, and later en- tered Allegheny College, at Meadville. Pa., al- though he soon withdrew and engaged in teach- ing school. He was thus occupied at the out- break of the Civil War, and early enlisted, being mustered into the Twenty-third Ohio Volunteers on June 11, 1801. The colonel of the regiment was William S. Rosecrans. and its lieutenant- colonel Stanley Matthews, while Rutherford B. Haj-es later served as colonel, the regiment becoming especially conspicuous and being en- gaged in some nineteen battles during the war, first serving under General McClellan in west- ern Virginia. At the close of his first winter's service ilcKinley was made connnissary-sergeant and was soon attached to the staff of Colonel Hayes. After the spring of 1862 the regiment was transferred to Washington, and later took an active share in the battles of South Moimtain and Antietam. McKinley especially distinguished himself at Antietam. when, at great personal risk, he carried a supply of food from the rear to the soldiers at the front. For this gallantry he was recommended for promotion by Colonel Hayes, and under date of September 23, 1862, was made second lieutenant, and on February 7, 1863, was commissioned first lieutenant. McKin- ley continued with his regiment throughout the war, serving as an aide both to General Hancock and to General Crook, repeatedly rendering effec- tive services, and gaining particilar prominence by his work at Opeqiian Creek. Fisher's Hill, and Cedar Creek, for which he was brevetteii major on JIarch 13, 1865. He had already, on .luly 25, 1804. been commissioned captain, but the brevet title was that by which he was conunonly known in later life.
ilajor McKinley was mustered out of the vol- unteer .service on .luly 2.5, 1865, and immediately took up the study of law in the otlice of Judge (ilidden, completing his preparation by a coirse at the Albany Law School. Being admitted to the bar in 1807, he established himself at Canton, Ohio, his home for the remainder of his life, and although Stark County was Democratic, he, a l!c]niblican, was elected its prosecuting attorney in 1869. In 1875, when thi' Republican candidate for Governor was Colonel Hayes, McKinley took an active part in the campaign. He was himself
