MALMSTBOM. 748 MALORY. (1840), an elegy, wliieli won him the prize of the Swedish Aeademy; JuiUiniis (1841); and Diklcr (1845-47). Among his prose writings are Liitcrutur hisloriska tiludicr (18U0(il). His complete works were published posthumously, Samladc Skriflcr (1866-G9). MALMSTROM, Johan August (1820-1901). A Sweilisli painler, born in Kast Gothland, lie studied at the Stockholm Academy for six years, then went to DUsseldorf, and afterwards to Pans, where he became a pupil of Ciiutuie. After his return (1807), he was made professor at the Stockholm Academy. His works are mainly his- torical, taken from national subjects. MALO, ma'KV, Charles Albert (1851 — ). A French military writer, born at Pin-le-Haras in Orne. In 187!) he became editor of the Journal dcs Dtbals, and in 1885, in conjunction with Bcrger-Leviault. founded the h'enir dc Ciirdteric. His^most important works arc the summaries or technical descriptions of campait;iis that he contributed to Muquardt's liibliolhcqiic interna- tionalc d'hisloirc mililairc: among them ('((»i- paffne de 1805 en Allemagne ct en Italic (1886) ; Campagnes de (lustave-Adolphc (1887); and Campayiics de Turenne (1888). MALOLOS, ma-lCi'los. The capital of the Province of lUilacfin in the island of Luzon, Philippines (Map: Philippine Islands, E 5). It is situated on an arm of the Pam[)anpa Delta, 7 miles north of Manila Bay. It has a telegraph station and lies within a short distance of a station on the Manila Railroad, being a consider- aide trade centre. It was the first capital of the so-called Philippine Republic, proclaimed by the natives after the S])anisb-American War, but was soon abandoned by the insurgent Govern- ment. Population, 14,000, almost exclusively Tagfllog. MALON, ma'loN', Benoit (1841-0.'?). A Frcncli socialist, born near Saint Etienne, in the Department of Loire. Because of bis agitation on behalf of the International he had to leave France for some years. He returned in 1880 and later edited the licvttc SocinlixtP until his death at .Vsni&res, September 13, ISO.'). Malon did not tliink the social (picstion to bo as simple as did the German Socialists, and believed that religion, ethics, and sesthetics would bear their jiart in solving the problems. He was a man of fine character and great influence. He WTote: Jj'Internatinnnl, son histoire et scs principes (1872) ; Ilistoire dii sncialisme et de-i proUtaira (1881-84) ; lie xociaUmne rrformistc (1885) ; and Le snrinliKme intrrfral (1800-01). MALONE, ma-lon'. A village and the county- seat of Franklin County, N. Y.. GO miles east by north of Ogdensburg; on the Salmon River, and on the Xew York Cential and Hudson River and the Central Vermont railroads (Map: New York, F 1). It is the scat of Northern New York Institution for Deaf flutes, and has Frank- lin Academy and the school district library with about fi.500 volumes. The village controls large agricultural interests, and is an important in- dustrial centre, having tanneries, woolen mills, pulp and paper mills, flour mills, foundries and machine sliops, sash, door, and blind factories. etc. The government is administered by a mayor, annually elected, and a village council, chosen on a general ticket. Malone was settled about 1803. Population, in 1800, 4080; in 1000, 5035. MALONE, Edmond (1741-1812). An English scholar and editor of Shakespeare, born in Dub- lin. October 4, 1741; educated at Trinity College, Dublin, and called to the Irish bar (1707). In 1777 he settled in London and began a systematic study of Shakespeare. In 1778 be published his Attempt to Ascertain the Order in Wliicli the Plays of Hhakespcare Were Written. This work, the first of the kind, was .so well done that it lias withstood, in the main, the most recent applica- tion of verse tests. In 1780 Malone published two important volumes as supplementary to Johnson's edition of Shakespeare as revised by George Steevcns. In 1790 ajipeared his edi- tion of the dramatist in ten volumes. At his death, April 25, 1812, he left material for a new edition, which was prepared by James lioswell, the younger. It appeared in 1821 in 21 volumes, and is known as the Third Variorum. Though not very well arranged in parts, it still remains the best of all complete critical editions. Malone has been called dull; lie was also laborious and painstaking. He also edited: The Critical and Miscellaneous I'rose Works of Drj/den, containing a valuable introductory essay (4 vols.. 1800) ; took part in the Chatterton controversy with Cursori) Obserrations on the Poems Attributed to Thomas Rowley (1782) ; and exposed the Ire- land forgerics( 1700) . Consult bis Life, by James Prior (London, 18G4). MALONE, John (1854—). An American actor and writer, born in Westfield. Mass., but brought up on the Pacific Coast. In 188(1 be went up<m the stage in San Francisco. He played with Edwin Booth (1886-87), Tommaso Salvini (1880-00), Modjeska (1807), Mrs. Langtry (1888), and Richard JIansfield. Later he de- voted himself to the writing of criticism. MALOO (mii'lfio) CLIMBER. An East In- dian climbing plant. See Bauiiinia. MAL'ORY, or MALLORE, Sir Thomas (flourished 1470). Author of the Morte d' Ar- thur. Nothing certain about him is known be- yond the meagre statements in the preface and the closing passage of his faiiams book. He was a knight, and his translation was completed in the ninth year of the reign of King Edward the Fourth, i.e. in 1460 or 1470. According to Bale IScriplores. 1548). he was a Welshman; and w-ith Bale agree several recent Celtic scholars, asserting at least that his name is derived from the Welsh Maelor. With more probability^ G. L. Kittredge has identified him with a War- wickshire Thomas Malory, Knight, who died iNIarch 14, 1470. Malory placed the manuscriot of the Morte d' Arthur in the hands of William Caxton, who divided it into books and chapters and iirinted it in 1485. The contents are briefly summarized in the colophon: "Thus endetb thys nolile and jovous book entytled le morte Darthur/ Notw;thstondyng it trea'teth of the byrth/ lyf/ and actes of the sayd kyng Arthur/ of his noble knyghtes of the roiinde table/ theyr meruayllous enquestes and aduentures/ th'acbyeuyng of the sangreal/ & in thende the dolorous deth & de- partyng out of thys world of theni al." The book was intended as a compendium of the various romances that had attached them.selves to the legend of King Arthur. Here are the great stories of Lancelot and Guinevere, of Tristram
