sxoss. 606 STOUGHTON. 8 toss vnd seine Werke (Leipzig, 1877) ; Ree, in AUgemeine deutsche Biographie, xxxvi. (ib., 1893); iJode, Oeschichte der deutscheri Plastik (Berlin, 1887) ; and Liibke, History of Sculpture, trans, by liunnett, ii. (London, 1872). STOTHAKD, stoTii'erd, Charles Alfred (1780-1821). An English antiquarian draughts- man, the second son of the painter Thomas Stothard. He was born in London, studied at the Royal Academy Schools, and exhibited his best painting, "The Death of Richard IL," in 1811. Afterwards he worked on the Magna Britannia (1815), and became historical draughtsman to the Society of Antiquaries. In that capacity he made drawings of the Bayeux tapestry, which Avere published in the society's Vetusta Monumenta (1821-23). His most impor- tant work was the Monumental Effigies of Great Britain (1811-21), which was completed by other artists, and republished in 1876. His drawings are all of remarkable accuracy. — His widow, Ann Eliza Kempe (1790-1883), who afterwards married Edward Atkyns Bray, was a well-known author. She wrote Memoirs of G. A. Stothard (1823). See Bray, Mrs. Ann Eliza Kempe (Stothard). STOTHARD, Thomas (1755-1834). An Eng- lish illustrator and painter, born in London. In 1777 he entered the schools of the Royal Academy, and exhibited his first pic- ture, the "Holy" Family," in 1778. In 1779 he en- tered upon his career as an illustrator of books. More than 3000 of his designs were engraved, the greater number of which are to be found in the British Museum. Although lacking in tem- perament, his illustrations are characterized by grace and charm and by a sympathetic touch, especially when he depicted the loveliness of childhood. Stothard illustrated the novels of Fielding, Richardson, and Sterne; Don Quixote, Gil Blas Robinson Crusoe, Gulliver's Travels, the Arabian Nights, Clarissa Harlowe, and Tris- tram Shandi/: he also made designs to Miltou (1792-93), Pope's Rape of the Lock (1798), . and Shakespeare's Seven Ages of Man (1790). As a painter he is less important. He designed decorations for the staircase at Burghley (1799), the cupola of the upper hall of the Signet Li- brary (1822) at Edinburgh, and the decora- tions of the drawing-room, throne-room, and great staircase of Buckingham Palace. Of his easel pictures, the National Gallery possesses "Venus and Cupid Attended by the Graces" (1824), the "Woodland Dance," and the "Myth of Narcissus" (1793). Consult Jlrs. Bray, Life of Thomas Stothard (London, 1851). STOTJGHTOIT, sto'ton. A town, including several villages, in Norfolk County, Mass., 18 miles south of Boston, on the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad (Map: Massachu- setts, E 3). It has a public library with over 7000 volumes, and a handsome town hall. Boot and shoe making, and the manufacture of wool- ens, rubber goods, boxes, and wire are the chief industries. The government is administered by town meetings, convening annually. The water- works are owned and operated by the town. Population, in 1890. 4852; in 1900, 5442. Stough- ton, named in honor of Governor William Stough- ton. was set oil from Dorchester and incorporated in 1726. Consult Ilurd, History of Norfolk County (Philadelphia, 1884). STOUGHTON, Israel ( ?-c.l645). An Ameri- can colonist, born in England. He was one of the founders of Dorchester, Mass., and in 1633 he became a freeman of the colony. Though a member of the General Court in 1034 and 1035, he wrote a pamphlet denying the right of the assistants to act as magistrates. As a punish- ment, the Government debarred him from holding public office for three years, but upon his mak- ing a humble submission revoked the sentence. From 1037 to 1043 he himself was chosen an assistant, and in 1037 he was appointed com- mander of the colony's troops in the Pequot War. In 1639 he was a commissioner in the boundary controversy with Plymouth. Five years later he went to England, where he en- tered the Parliamentary forces with the rank of lieutenant-colonel and probably fought at the battle of Naseby. At his death he left 300 acres of land in Dorchester to Harvard University. Consult Quincy, History of Harvard University (Boston, 1800)! STOUGHTON", John (1807-97). An English dissenting preacher and ecclesiastical historian. He was born in Norwich, and after receiving an elementary education entered a law office. He abandoned the law for the ministry, and after some preparation in Highbury College he was ordained in 1833. In 1872 he was elected professor of historical theol- ogy in New College, Saint John's Wood, though he still occasionally preached. In 1862 he pub- lished Church and State, Two Hundred Years Ago . . . lGGO-63. His other important works are: Ecclesiastical History of England from' the Opening of the Long Parliament to the Death of Oliver CromircU (1867); The Church of the Restoration (1870) ; The Church of the Revolution (1874); Religion in England Under Queen Anne and the Georges (1878); Religion in England from 1800 to 1850 (1884). Though somewhat diffuse, these histories are thorough and impartial: Consult his Recol- lections of a Long Life (London, 1894). STOUGHTON, William (c.1032-1701). A colonial Governor of Massachusetts. He was born in England, early emigrated to America, graduated at Harvard in 1650, and was a fellow at New College, Oxford, from 1652 until ejected at tlie time of the Restoration (1660). Return- ing to Massachusetts, he was a selectman from 107l to 1674, an assistant from 1671 to 1080 — though in 1684 he refused to serve — and a com- missioner of the United Colonies from 1673 to 1077, and again from 1680 to 1080. In 1677 he went to England as the agent of his colony in a boundary dispute with New Hampshire. He was a member of Crovernor Andros's Council, but, nevertheless, served on the Council of Safety that deposed him, and from 1092 until his death was Lieutenant-Governor of Massachusetts, being acting Governor from the recall (1694) of Sir William Phipps until the arrival (1699) of Lord Bellomont. In 1692 he was chief justice of the special court of oyer and terminer by which the Salem 'witches' were tried, and, as s;ich, treated the accused with relentless severity. He was a liberal benefactor of Harvard, and it was for him that Stoughton Hall was named. He published New England's True In- terest Not to Lie, the election sermon preached by him in Boston in 1668, and a pamphlet ea-
