meaning as a whole. The Nom. is used if the verbal idea is Intransitive or Passive, the Ace. if it is Active.
Examples: Nom., māiestātis crīmĭnă subdēbantur vinclum ĕt nĕcessitās sĭlendī charges of high-treason were trumped up, to bind and force them to be silent (as a bond and necessity for silence). Acc, Eumĕnem prōdĭderĕ pācis mercēdem they betrayed Eutnencs in payment for the peace.
Peculiarities of Agreement.
§ 300. Construction according to the Sense.—Sometimes a word agrees with the sense (instead of the form) of the word to which it is referred.
Hence the Plur. is often used (1) with Singular Nouns of Multitude: māgnă pars mīlĭtum vulnerati sunt a great part of the soldiers were wounded. (2) with words coupled by cum together with: Īlĭă cum Lausō dē Nŭmĭtōrĕ săti Ilia and Lausus were sprung from Numitor. Other examples are: căpĭtă coniūrātĭōnis caesī sunt the heads (i.e. leaders) of the conspiracy were put to death, ĕpĕrīte ălĭquĭs ostĭum open the door, one of you! Centaurō invĕhĭtur māgnā he sails in the great Centaur (ship, hence fem.).
§ 301. Attraction.—(1) Where the Predicate is a Noun of different Gender or Number from the Subject, the Verb (and Participle) sometimes agree with the Predicate: gēns ūnĭversā Vĕnĕtī appellātī sunt the tribe as-a-whole were called the Veneti. In such cases the Predicate is always put before the Verb.
(2) The Relative is generally attracted to agree with the Predicate of its own sentence if a Noun, instead of with its Antecedent: Thēbae quod (rather than quae) est Boeōtĭae căpŭt Thebes which is the capital of Boeotia.
(3) The Relative is occasionally attracted into the Case of its Antecedent: raptim quĭbus (for quae Acc.) quisquĕ pŏtĕrăt (sc. efferre) ēlātis each having taken out hurriedly the things which he could (take out).
The Antecedent is rarely made to agree in Case with the Relative: urbem-quam-stĕtŭō vestra est the city I found is yours.
(4) In phrases like nōmĕn est mĭhĭ my name is, the name is generally put in the same case as the person: mĭhĭ Mĕnaechmō nōmĕn est my name is Menaechmus.
