Mahmud Nizam Shah Bahmam, king of the Dakhin. In the reig-n of Muhammad II, the deities of Wakfl-us-Sultanat were conferred on him. His enemies lost no opportunity of poisoning the king's mind, and at last they brought this great man to destruction by contriving an infamous forgery, upon which the king without investigating the matter, ordered him to be put to death in the 78th year of his age. This event took place on the 5th of April, 1481 A. D., 5th Safar, 886 A. H. Mahmud had great learning and much judgment in composition of prose and verse. A little before his death, ho had written a poem in praise of Muhammad Shah. He is the author of the " Eauzat ul-Insha," and some poems. IMaulana 'Abdul Rahman Jami corresponded with him, and some of his letters are to be seen in his works. Mahmud ibn-Masa'ud, tj-^l iJ*'^'°, author of a work called "Zi'nat-uz-Zaman." Mahmud Khan Langa, l^xl .ij-*^, the fourth king of Multan, son of prince Fi'roz, succeeded his grand- father Husain Langa on the throne in August, 1502 A. D., Safar, 908 A. H. He reigned 23 years. In 1524 A. D., 931 A. H. some time before his death the emperor Babar Shah having conquered the country of the Panjab pro- ceeded to Dehli, from whence he wrote an order to Husain Arghun, governor of Thatta informing him that he in- trusted him henceforward with the directions of affairs in Multan. That chieftain in consequence, crossed the Indus and marched with a large army to Multan ; but before his arrival the king died and was succeeded by his son Husain Langa II. Mahmud Khan, •^J*^^} nawab of Bijnor and a rebel of 1867. He was the great-grandson of Zabita Khan the son of Najib-uddaula Amir ul-Umra. Fide Sa'd-ullah Khan. Mahmud Khwarizmi,Maulana, (^■^jjb'^'^j*^ a poet of Khwarizm. Mahmud, Mulla, ^'"j of Jaunpur, the son of Muhammad Faruki, was the author of the work called " Shams Bazigha," and of the " HawasM Farid fi Sha- rah ul-Fawaed," which he wrote in 1632 A. D., 1042 A. H., and died in 1652 A. D., 1062 A. H. Mahmud Parsa, Khwaja, ^^j^, a poet who flourished .in the time of Prince 'Ala-uddaula, and Sultan Abu Sa'id Mirza, and died 1477 A. D., 822 A. H. Mahmud Sa'id, Erchi, "^i*^ author of the " Tuhfat-ul-Majalis ;" he was a contemporary of Shaikh Ahmad Khattu whom he mentions therein. Mahmud Shah, •l?*'^? one of the sons of Timur Sliah, the son of Alimad Shah 'Abdalf, who being driven from Kabul by Dost Muhammad Khan, took possession of Hirat whicii country he ruled for some years, and after his death in 1829 A. D., his son prince Kamran succeeded him. Mahmud Shah I, Bahmani, Jjl i^*^'. -ij*^, the fifth Sultan of the race of Bahmani kings of the Dakhin, was the youngest son of Sultan 'Ala-uddin Hasan. He was raised to the throne at Kulbarga after the assas- sination of his brother Daud Shah in 'ila.y, 1378 A. D., Mubarram, 780 A. H., reigned 19 lunar years 9 months and 24 days, and died of a putrid fever on the 20th 163 Mahmud ' April, 1397 A. D., 21st Eajab, 799 A. H. He was suc- ceeded by his son Sultan Ghayas-uddui Mahmud, was a patron of literature, had a taste for poetry, and wrote elegant verses himself. In his reign the poets of Arabia and Persia resorted to the Dakhin and were benefitted by his liberality. Mir Faiz-ulldh Anju, who presided in the seat of justice, once presented him with an ode, was re- warded with a thousand pieces of gold, and permitted to retire, covered with honours, to his own country. In hia time the celebrated poet of Shi'raz, Khwaja Hafiz, deter- mined to visit the Dakhin ; but was prevented by a train of accidents. Mahmud Shah II, Bahmani, ^^^^ ■^J'^, the fourteenth Sultan of the race of Bahmani kings of the Dakhin, succeeded his father Muhammad Shah II on the throne at Ahmadabad Bedar in March, 1482 A. D., Safar, 887 A. H., in the twelfth year of his age. He reigned 37 lunar years, and died on the 18th December, 1517 A. D., 4th Zil-hijja, 923 A. H. The reign of this prince though a long one, passed in troubles and civil wars, and the royal authority fell from the house of Bah-, mani. On his death the governors in their respective provinces threw off the small portion of allegiance which they latterly paid to the late king, and proclaimed their independence. He was succeeded by his son Sultan Ah- mad Shah II. Mahmud Shah I, Jj' h^i^ S^-^it^s"^, surnamed Baikara the son of Muhammad Shah and brother of Kutb-uddin or Kutb Shah, was raised to the throne of Gujrat after the deposition of Daiid Shah his uncle in June, 1459 A. D., Sha'ban, 863 A. H. He caused the city of Ahma- dab.ad to be surrounded by a wall and bastions in 1487 A. D., 892 A. H. ; and on its completion had the sentence in commemoration of the date of that event, inscribed on one face of the fortification, the mean- ing of which is, " Whosoever is within is safe." He made two expeditions to the Dakhin, reigned 55 lunar years, and died on the 23rd of November, 1611 A. D., 2nd Eama- zan, 91 7 A. H., in the 70th year of his age. He was buried in Sarkij or Sarkfch near Alimadabad in the mausoleum of Shaikh Aljmad Khattu. He was succeeded by his son Muzaffar Shah II. Mahmud Shah II, ^s-"' ^'•^ whose former name was N lisir Khan, was the third son of Muzaffar Shah II. He was raised to the throne of Gujrat after the murder of his eldest brother Sikandar Shah in May, 1526 A. D , Sha'ban, 932 A. H. He reigned about three months, after which his brother Bahadirr Shah returning from Jaunpur, deprived him of his kingdom and mounted the throne on the 20th August the same j'car, 15th Zi-Ka'da, 932 A. H. Mahmud Shah died in 1527 A. D., 933 A. H. Mahmud Shah III,'-^^ i^^^ij*^, was the son of Lati'f Khan the brother of Bahadur Shah. He was raised to the throne of Gujrat after the death of Mii-an Muhammad Shah in April, 1637 A. D., Zi-Ka'da, 943 A. H. In his reign, about the year 1540 A. D., 947 A. H., the fort of Surat (Surat) on the shore of the sea, was completed by Khudawanda Khan, before which time the Portuguese were in the habit of attacking the Muhammadans along that coast. Mahmud Shah reigned about 1 8 j-oars, and was slain on the 16th of February, 1554 A. D., 13th Rabi' I, 961 A. H., while he was asleep, by one Daulat, at the instigation of Burhan, private chaplain to the king, who hoped by that means to ascend the throne of Gujrat. The same year died also Salim Shah king of Dehli', and Nizam Shah Bahri' the Sultan of Ahmadnagar in the Dakhin. The words Zawal Khusroan," i. Destruc- tion of Kings, commemorate the date of this event. ilah- mud Shah was buried in the vault of Sultan iMahmud Baikara, close to the mausoleum of Shaikh Ahmad Khattu, and was succeeded by Ahmad Shah II.
