Shahab-uddin 244 Shah A. H., in his 93rd year, at Baghdad, where he was huried. 1 There is another work in Arabic found in the Library of Tfpu Sultan, entitled " Hikmat-ul-Ashrak," of which he is said to be the author. SlialiaTD-ucldiii, Sultan, v't^ J-^^'*, the son of Sultan 'Ala-uddfn whom he succeeded on the throne of Kashmir, 1356 A. D., 757 A. H. He turned his attention to foreign conquest, and diu-ing the succeeding ten years subdued Thibet, Kashghar, Badakhshan and Kabul. He then, according to the historian Haidar Malik, invaded Hindustan with an immense army, and is said to have worsted Firoz Shah king of Dehli in a pitched battle on the banks of the Satlaj ; the result of which was to cause that potentate to acknowledge his supremacy.^ Shahab- uddin then retm-ned to Kashmir, where his religious zeal led him to destroy the idol temples at Bijbiharf and else- where. He died after a reign of 19 years, 1376 A. D., and was succeeded hy his brother Kutb-uddin, during whose reign, the famous Sayyad 'AH Hamdani arrived at Kashmir. Shahadat, •^■i't**", poetical name of Mirza Salah of Balkh, who died in 1742 A. D., 1155 A. H. Shah 'Alam, (^^^"^ king of Dehli, whose original name was 'AH Gohar, was the son of the emperor ' Alamgir II, by Zinat Mahal surnamed Bilal Kunwar ; was born on the 15th of June, 1728 A. D., 17th Zi-Ka'da, 1140 A. H. In the year 1758 A. D., 1172 A. H., fearing he might be made a prisoner by 'Imad-ul-Mulk Ghazi- uddin Khan the minister of his father, he left Dehli to try his fortune in Bengal, the Nawab of which province, Siraj-uddaula had been deposed by the assistance of the English, and Mir Jafar set up in his room. He was in Behar, when he received the intelligence of the murder of his father, and having assumed the imperial authority, he ascended the throne on the 25th of December, 1759 A. D., 4th Jumada I, 1173 A. H. with the title of Shah 'Alam. After the defeat of Shuja-uddaula his prime- minister, at Buxar on the 23rd October, 1764 A. D., 26th Eabi' II, 1178 A. H., and his flight to the upper province, the king followed the English to Allahabad where he granted the East India Company the Sanad of the Diwani of Bengal dated 12th August, 1765 A. D., 24th Safar, 1179 A. H., on the Company agreeing to pay the emperor 24 lacs of rupees annually from the revenues of the three provinces, viz., Bengal, Behar, and Urysa. This impor- tant business being settled by Lord Clive, he returned to Calcutta, leaving General Smith to attend the emperor, hut in fact to rule him; for the General resided in the fortress, and his majesty in the town ; and the sound of the imperial naubat in the fort being disagreeable to General Smith, he forbad the barid to play, nor did the servants of the emperor refuse. Shah 'Alam continued to reside at Allahabad under the protection of the English till the year 1778 A. D., 1185 A. H. when growing weary of his retirement, he proceeded to Dehli where he arrived on the 25th of December the same year, but not long after fell into the power of Ghulam Kadir Khan a Eoheila chief, who put out his eyes on the 10th of August, 1788 A, D., Eamazan, 1185 A. H. Shah 'Alam after this event re-assumed the throne and died on the 19th November, 1806 A. D., 7th Eamazan, 1221 A. H., aged 81 lunar years. Shah 'Alam's poetical name was ' Aftab. He was a good poet, and has left a Dfwan called Diwan 'Aftab, in Persian and Urdu verses. His remains were deposited close to the tomb of Bahadur Shah adjoin- ing the Moti Masjid near the Dargah of Kutb Shah. Shah 'Alam, j*^* a celebrated Muhammadan saint, was the son of IjLutb 'Alam, which see. Shah 'Ali, Hazrat, ij-^ i^bj*^^, a pious Sayyad who is the author of several works on religion, in Persian, Arabic, and Gujrati. He died at Ahmadabad Gujrat in 1565 A. D., 973 A. H., and was buried there. Shah 'Ali Muhammad, ij-^ t^^, author of the " Tajjalliat Eahmani," an explanation of the SCifi tenets and mystical phrases, &c. Shah Begam, f^-*, the mother of Sultan Khusro the son of the emperor Jahangir. Fi^^e Khusro (Sultan). Shahbaz Banda Nawaz, j^y ^UikLi^ author of two books called " Ishk-nama, and Sardat-nama," con- taining Essays on divine love, the soul, future state, &c. Shahbaz Khan Kambu, ij^ j^^^^, a descen- dant, in the sixth generation, of Hajf Jamal who was a disciple of Shaikh Baha-uddin of Multan. He passed the first part of his life as a Dervish or mendicant, but was afterwards employed by the emperor Akbar, and raised to the dignity of an Amir. He was appointed governor of Bengal in 1584 A. D., 992 A. H., and died in the 44th year of the reign of that monarch, 1599 A. D., 1008 A. H., aged 70 years. He was buried at Ajmeir near the mausoleum of Khwaja Mo'in-uddin Chishtf. His liberality and the money he expended was so great, that it made the people think that he had in his possession the Philosopher's Stone. Shah Beg Arghun or Urghun, c^^^j' "^i'. king of Sindh and founder of the Arghun family, was the son of Mirza Zunnun Beg Arghun, the commander- in-chief and head of the nobles at ths court of Sultan Husain Mhza king of Khurasan, and governor of Kan- dahar and the provinces of Shal, Situnak and Arghun. Mirza Zunnun met his death in attempting to resist an invasion under Muhammad Khan Shaibani Uzbak. After his death the government of Kandahar devolved, on his son Shah Beg Arghun. When the emperor Babar Shah invaded the p)rovince of Kandahar, Shah Beg unable to resist him retreated towards Sindh, and having overcome Jam Firoz the last king of the Samana dynasty, 1621 A. D., 927 A. H., he settled himself as king in that country. His reign was, however, but of short duration, for he died two j'cars and some months after the conquest, in the year 1524 A. D., 930 A. H., and his eldest son Shah Husain Arghun succeeded him. Shah Begam, f*^-- ^^""j this was the title conferred by Jahangir on his first wife who, was the daughter of Bhagwan Das the son of Eaja Behari Mai. She was married to prince Salim (afterwards Jahangir) in 1584 A. D., 993 A. H., and became the mother of Sultan Khusro who was born in 1587 A. D., 995 A. H. When Jahangir rebelled against his f3,ther Akbar, and was living independently at Allahabad he gave himself up more than ever to debauchery, ^e had always enter- tained a peculiar dislike for his eldest son Sultan Khusro whose own levity and violence seem to have given him reasons for his displeasure. Some circumstance in their disputes so affected Khusro' s mother, that she swallowed poison (opium) in 1603 A. D., 1012 A. H., and died at Allahabad where she was buried in a place called Sultan Khusro's garden, where her son Sultan Khusro also was afterwards buried. ^ Shah Begam, f'^i^. a daughter of Muhammad Mukim, brother of Shah Beg Arghun, governor of Kan- dahar and afterwards king of Sindh. She was married to Kasim Koka, who was killed in the wars of the Uzbaks. On the conquest of Kandahar by Babar Shah, she was taken away to Kabul.
