I Faklir 86 Farhaa Pakhr-uddin Muhammad Eazi (Imam), ^s'jb ^iC>Jj^' was a doctor of tlie Shafa'i sect. He surpassed all his contemporaries in scholastic theology metaphysics and phHosophy. He is the author of several instructive works, among which is one called Hadayek- ul-Anwar," a hook on different subjects which he dedica- ted to Sultan 'Ala-uddm Takash, ruler of Khwanznr ; and another called " Eisala Haiyat," or Geometry dedicated to Sultan Baha-uddln Ghori. He was horn at Eei on the 26th January, 1160 A. D., 25th Ramaran, 6 44 A H and died at Hii-dt on Monday the 29th of March, 1210 A D 1 Shawwal, 606 A. H., aged 62 lumxyears His father s name was Ziya-uddin-bin-Umar. The title of Eazi at- tached to his name is because he was born at Kei m Tabristan. He is the father of Khwaja Nasir-uddm Tusi. Fakhr-uddin Sultan, t:jJ'^-'t^==' also caUed Fakhi-a, was the king of Sonargaon in Bengal, which ad- ioins the district of Pandua. He was put to death by Shams-uddm king of Lakhnaut'i about the year 13o6 A. D., 757 A. H., who took possession of his country. Paklir-ud-daula, *Jj'*-'i;^', title of Abu'l Hasan 'AH, a Sultan of the race of Boya, was the son of Sultan Eutn- ud-daula. He was born in 952 A. D., 341 A. H., and succeeded his brother Mowaiyad-ud-daula to the throne ot Persia in January, 9S4 A. I).. Sha'ban, 373 A. H. He was a cruel prince, reigned 14 years, and died m August, 997 A. D., Sha'ban, 387 A. H. He was succeeded by his son Majd-ud-daula. Fakhr-ud-daula, a nobleman who was gover- nor of Patna in the reign of Muhammad Shah emperor of Dehli ; he held that situation till the year 1735 A. D., 1148 A. H., when it was taken awaj from him and con- ferred upon Shujaa'-uddin Nawah of Bengal,_in^ addition to that government, and of the province of TJrissa. Pakhr-Ul-Islam, LS^^y. ^^"^b^' , of Bar6d, the son of 'All. He is the author of the works called " XJsul-ud-dm" and " Usui Fikha," and several other works. He died in 1089 A. D., 482 A. H. Pakhr-uUah Asad Jurjani, (^^-.r^- '^*-"t ^^b^. He flourished under the Saljiik princes, and is the author of the love adventures of Wais and king Eamin, origin- ally in the Pahlawi language, called " "Wais-wa-Eamm." Pakhr-un-nissa Begam, (^■^i'.^b^', the wife of Nawab Shuja'at Khan. She is the foimder of the mosque called " Fakhr-ul-Masajid," situated in the Kashmiri Bazar at Dehli, which she erected in memory of her late husband in the year 1728 A. D., 1141 A. H. Palaki, ls^^j takhallus of a Persian poet whose proper name was Abu'l Nizam Muhammad Jalal-uddin Shirwanf. He is also commonly styled Shams-ush-Shua'ra, the sun of the poets, and Malik-ul-Fuzla, king of the learned. His poems are preferred to those of Khakanf, and Zaki'r. Hamd-ullah Mustaufi calls him the master of Khakani, hut Shaikh 'Azuri makes mention in his Jawahir-ul-Asrar that Khakani and Falaki both were the pupils of Abu'l 'Ala of Ganja. There has been also another Falaki surnamed Abu'l Fazl, who was an author. Falaki died in 1181 A. D., 577 A. H. His patron was Manochehr Shirwani. Panai, tjr^*^ poetical name of Shams-uddin Muhammad- hin-Hamza. He was an author and died in the year 1430 A. D., 834 A. H. Pani, LS^j (perishable) the poetical name of Muhsin Fani, which see. Pani, 1^^*, the Takhullus of Khwaja Muhammad Mo'm- uddi'n-bin-Muhammad-bin-Mahmud Dihdar Fani. He came to India and stood in high favor with Abdul Eahfm Khan the Khan Khanan. He died in 1607 A. D., 1016 A. H., and left several works on Sufyism, as " Sharah Khutba," " Hashia Eashahat," " Hashia Nafhat," " Hashia har-Gulshan Eaz," and " Albayan." He is also the author of a Diwan in Persian, and a Masnawi or poem called " I-Iaft Dilbar," i. e., the seven sweethearts, dedi- cated to the emperor Akbar. Parabi, i^^h^J'^^^^} commonly called so, because he was a native of Farab, a town in Turkey. His proper name is Abu Nasr. He was one of the greatest Musalman philosophers, remarkable for his generosity and greatness of talents, whom we call Alfarabius. He was murdered by robbers in Syria in 954 A. D., 343 A. H., thirty years before the birth of Abu Si'na. Imad-uddi'n Mahmud and Alimad-bin-Muhammad were two authors who were also called Farabi. Paraburz, ')y^J^J the son of Kaikaus, (Darius the Mode) king of Persia. Paraghi (Mir), i^^b'j^'^, the brother of Hakim Fath- TiUah Sh'irazi. He was living in 1563 A. D., 971 A. H., in which year the fort of Eanthanbur was conquered by the emperor Akbar, on which occasion he wrote a chrono- gram. Parai, ^Lr'j whose proper name was Abu Zikaria Yehia, was an excellent Arabic grammarian who died in the year 822 A. D., 207 A. H. Paramurz,3^i)-j son of Eustam, the Hercules of the Per- sians. He was assassinated by the order of Bahman, also called Ardisher Darazdast, king of Persia. There has also been one Muhammad bin-Faramurz, styled Shadid, who was an author. Paraskuxi, iSJJ^-j'} surname of Muhammad bin-Mu- hammad-al-Hanifa, Imam of the mosque named Gouride, at Grand Cairo, who flourished about the year 1556 A. D., 964 A. H., and was an author. Pard, '^j'} poetical name of Abii'l Hasan, the son of Shah Na'mat-ullah. He died in the year 1848 A. D., 1265 A. H., and left a Diwan. Parghani, iJ^'^J't commonly called so because he was a native of Farghana, but his full name is Ahmad or Mu- hammad-ibn-Kasir-al-Farghani, a famous Arabian astro- nomer whom we know under the name of Alfragan or Alfraganius. He flourished in the time of the khali'f Al- Mamun, about the year 833 A. D., 218 A. H., and is the author of an introduction to Astronomy, which was prin- ted by Golius, at Amsterdam, in 1669, with notes. Parhad, •i^'lr*, the lover of the celebrated Shi'ri'n, the wife of Khusro Farwez, king of Persia. The whole of the sculpture at Bfstun in Persia is ascribed to the chisel of Farhad. He was promised, we are told in Persian Eomance, that if he cut through the rock, and brought a stream that flowed on the other side of the hill to the valley, the lovely Sh'irin (with whom he had fallen dis- tractedly in love) should be his reward ; he was on the point of completing his labour, when Khusro Parwez
