632
INDEX
children of Nature, and conformed to their naturalsurroundings, 142-145; indifference of, to uneleanliness and dirt, 145, 146; their food and cookery, 147, 148, 178; their costumes and dwellings, 149, 150, 163, 164, 172; importance of the "medicine-bag" to, 150, 151; their cunning and skill in sylvan and martial experiences, 152, 154, 155, 157; their capacity to enjoy simple sensations, 155, 156; self-reliance of, 156; their respect for tradition, 156; the natural and the supernatural alike to, 156; nomadic habits of, 157, 158; their names for themselves and children and places the suggestions of Nature, 158-161; observing and reflecting powers of, 150; their own supposed relationship to animals, 159, 160; totems, or badge-marks of, 161, 162; value of the canoe to, 165, — skill required in the use of, 166, 167, — materials and construction of, 167-169; superiority of their moccason as a foot-gear, 169, 170; their snow-shoe, — form, materials, and use of, 170-172; practice of polygamy among, 172; winter experiences of, 173; their habits of thrift and providence, remarks upon, 173-177; their cultivation of corn, 175,176; interpreters among them, 181; their sign-language, 182, 183; not wanting in the human craving for fun and amusement, 184; natural tendency to obscenity and sensuality finds few checks among them, 185; their passion for gambling, 185, 186; their feasts, games, sports, etc., 186-188; their love and methods of hunting, 188, 189; their superstitions, 190-192; their fighting propensities and qualities and methods, 192-198; a state of warfare natural to them, 193; destructiveness of their inter-tribal conflicts, 194; their treatment of prisoners, 196, 197; war-spirit of, not on the wane, 198; their first possession and use of fire-arms, 198, 199; their form of government, 199-201; their money, — "belts," "wampum," etc., 201, 202; their love of the horse, and their property in ponies, 202-204; their methods of training and instructing their youth, 205, 206; present number of, 207; nature and basis of their original territorial claim on this continent, 213, 214; their manner of meeting the claims of the colonists to lawful supremacy, 230, 319; the white man's theory that they were as vermin to be destroyed, 235-237; their rights never clearly defined, 242, 243; range required for each one, 244, 245; their present dependence on the Government, 246; amount of supplies furnished to them, 247; their rights as a race, 249, 250; their partiality for the French, 317, 319; their hard fate to fight, suffer, and be crushed in and by the conflicts of the rival colonies, 346; lineal connection between present and former tribes, 354; present feeling of whites toward, as compared with former, 355, 356; the tricks some of them put upon Catholic missionaries, 388; their sorcerers and the Jesuits, 398; they are natural transcendentalists, 399; condition of those on the Columbia River, 473; an instance of the sullen feeling with which some of their chiefs ceded lands to the whites, 546, 615-617 ; formalities attending their councils, 549, 550; the two theories as to the final disposition of, — extermination and civilization, — 568, 587, 588; opinions of military men upon the fate of, 569; what humanity demands for them, 571; the threefold aspect of their relation to our Government, 573; they must be made self-supporting, 575-578, 584, 585; proportion of, which are of mixed blood, 580; necessity of disarming them, 583; they must give up their communistic and tribal relations, 585, 586; as subjects of civilization, 588; the opinion that
