Page:The Theatre of the Greeks, a Treatise on the History and Exhibition of the Greek Drama, with Various Supplements.djvu/274

equipped with this clumsy buskin^[1]; and the word itself is used by the Latin poets as a synonym for tragædia^[2]. In addition to the cothurnus, and the padded figure^[3], the tragedian was increased to a colossal stature by his mask ((Greek characters)), which not only represented a set of features much larger than those of any ordinary man, but was raised to a great height above the brow by a sort of elevated frontlet or foretop ((Greek characters)^[4]), rising in the shape of the letter Λ^[5], which formed the frame of a tire or periwig ((Greek characters)^[6]), attached to the mask.

An image should appear at this position in the text.Fig. 8. An image should appear at this position in the text.Fig. 9.

When this head-piece was fitted on, there was only one outlet for the voice, sometimes represented as a square, but more gene- rally as a round opening (os rotundum^[7] , so that the voice might be said to sound through it—hence the Latin name for a mask

1. Wieseler, Theatergeh. p. 52, Taf. ix. 2. See fig. 7, p. 246.
2. Horace, 2 Carm. 1. 13:
   grande munus
   Cecropio repetes cothurno.
   
   

   Virgil, Eclog. VIII. 10: Sola Sophocleo tua carmina digna cothurno.

3. Lucian, Jupiter Tragoedus, it. 44 ; de Gymnas. 23 ; de Saltat. ii. 27.
4. The word (Greek characters) (cf. (Greek characters), (Greek characters), &c.) refers to the curve at the top; the Latin superficies, which also means a roof, indicates that it was over the face.
5. Pollux, IV. § 133: (Greek characters).
6. Hence (Greek characters), "to deceive." See Hemsterhuis on Julius Pollux, x. § 170.
7. The mouth is square in the figures on the Pio-Clementine Mosaic, Nos. 1, 3, 4, 5, Plates II. III. IV. The size of the mouth is alluded to by Persius, v. 3 : fabula seu moesto ponatur hianda tragoedo; and Juvenal, III. 175: personæ pallentis hiaitum.