THE WORLD'S FAMOUS ORATIONS
lectual freedom and ecclesiastical independence, rather than from worldly honor and profit, the emigration naturally ceased when the contest for religious liberty began in earnest at home. The man who struck his most effective blow for free- dom of conscience, by sailing for the Colonies in 1620, would have been accounted a deserter to leave after 1640. The opportunity had then come on the soil of England for that great con- test which established the authority of Parlia- ment, gave religious freedom to the people, sent Charles to the block, and committed to the hands of Oliver Cromwell the supreme executive authority of England. The English emigration was never renewed, and from these twenty thou- sand men, with a small emigration from Scot- land and from France, are descended the vast numbers who have New England blood in their veins.
In 1685 the revocation of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV., scattered to other countries four hundred thousand Protestants, who were among the most intelligent and enterprising of French subjects — merchants of capital, skilled manufac- turers, and handicraftsmen superior at the time to all others in Europe. A considerable number of these Huguenot French came to America; a few landed in New England and became honora- bly prominent in its history. Their names have in large part become Anglicized, or have disap- peared, but their blood is traceable in many of the most reputable families and their fame is 112
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