INTRODUCTION
tain Hooper complains the Hydrographic Office ignored. Besides the illustrative drawings which accompany Muir's article on glaciation in the Far North, his note-books contain numerous interesting sketches of geological and topographical features of Arctic landscapes. They show with what tireless industry and pains he worked at his task. This is the first publication of the general conclusions of his Arctic studies, supported in detail by the records of his journal, and by his sketches. In its present form the article follows a revised copy found among Muir's papers.
Muir's report on the flora of Herald Island and Wrangell Land still remains, after thirty-six years, the only one ever made on the vegetation of these remote Arctic regions. It has seemed best, therefore, to include also his article entitled "Botanical Notes" as an appendix to this volume. It was first published in 1883 as a part of Treasury Department Document No. 429. Strangely enough, the letter of transmittal from the Secretary of the Treasury refers to it as "the observations on glaciation in the Arctic Ocean and the Alaska region made by John Muir."
The author never saw printer's proof after he sent the manuscript, and the number of typographical errors made in the technical
