CHAP. iv. 4, 5. INTRODUCTION. 161 island. Besides this he makes the length of the sea-coast too great ; but this [error] is not so considerable [as the two preceding]. 4. After this Polybius proceeds to set right the mistakes of Eratosthenes. In this he is sometimes successful ; at others his corrections are for the worse. For example, Eratos- thenes gives 300 stadia from Ithaca to Corcyra; Poly- bius makes it above 900. From Epidamnus to Thessa- lonica Eratosthenes allows 900 stadia ; Polybius says above 2000. In these instances he is correct. But where Era- tosthenes states that from Marseilles to the Pillars there are 7000 stadia, and from the Pyrenees [to the same place] 6000, and Polybius alters this to more than 9000 from Mar- seilles, and little less than 8000 from the Pyrenees, 1 he is quite mistaken, and not so near to the truth as Eratos- thenes. For all are now agreed that, barring the indirect- ness of the roads, the whole length of Iberia is not more than 6000 stadia 2 from the Pyrenees to its western limits; notwithstanding Polybius gives 8000 stadia for the length of the river Tagus, from its source to its outlets, and this in a straight line without any reference to its sinuosities, which in fact never enter into the geographical estimate, although the sources of the Tagus are above 1000 stadia from the Pyrenees. His remark is quite correct, that Eratosthenes knew little about Iberia, and on this account sometimes makes conflicting statements concerning it. He tells us, for example, that the portion of this country situated on the sea- coast as far as Gades is inhabited by Galatse, 3 who possess western Europe as far as Gades ; nevertheless, in his account of Iberia he seems quite to have forgotten this, and makes no mention of these Galatae whatever. 5. Again, however, Polybius makes an incorrect assertion, in stating that the whole length of Europe is unequal to that of Africa and Asia taken together. He tells us " that the en- 1 These measures are taken along the coast, in stadia of 700 to a de- gree. Of these, from Marseilles to Gibraltar there are 9300, and from the ancient promontory of Pyrenseum to Gibraltar 7380. Consequently the corrections of Polybius were neither inaccurate nor uncalled for. 2 These 6000 stadia, taken in a direct line, are just the distance from Cape St. Vincent to the chain of the Pyrenees. 3 Kelts.
