388 STRABO. CASAUB. 259. before the Marsic or social war, earthquakes destroyed most of the towns ; l but after Augustus Cassar had driven Sextus Pompeius out of Sicily, when he saw that the city was de- ficient of inhabitants, he appointed certain of those who accompanied the expedition to reside there, and it is now tolerably well peopled. 2 7. Sailing 50 stadia from Rhegium towards the east, we meet the cape called Leucopetra, from the colour of the rock, where they say the range of the Apennines terminates. 3 Further on is Heraclseum. 4 It is the last promontory, and looks towards the south; for presently on doubling it the course takes a south-western direction as far as the promon- tory of lapygia, 5 then it runs towards the north more and more, and towards the west along the Ionian gulf. After the Herculeum Promontorium is the head-land of Locris, which is called Zephyrium, f) possessing a haven exposed to the west winds, whence is derived its name. Then is the state of the Locri Epizephyrii, a colony of Locrians transported by Evan- thes from the Crissasan gulf, shortly after the foundation of Crotona and Syracuse. 7 Ephorus was not correct in stating 1 B.C. 91. 2 The defeat of Sextus Pompeius is referred to the year 36 B. c., but there is no precise date mentioned for the establishment of the veteran soldiers in Rhegium, which probably took place about the year 31 B. c. 3 Pliny computes the distance from Rhegium to Cape Leucopetra at 12 miles ; there is probably some error in the text, as there is no cape which corresponds with the distance of 50 stadia from Rhegium. A note in the French translation proposes to read 100 instead of 50 stadia. Topogra- phers are not agreed in fixing the situation of the celebrated Leucopetra. D'Anville places it at Capo Pittaro, Grimaldi at the Punta della Saelta, and Cluverius, Holstenius, and Cellarius at the Capo dell' Armi. This latter opinion seems more compatible with the statement of Pliny, and is also more generally accredited. 4 The Herculeum Promontorium is known in modern geography as Capo Spartivento. 5 The Promontorium lapygium, or Sallentinum, as it was sometimes called, formed a remarkable feature in the figure of Italy, while the art of navigation was in its infancy. It was a conspicuous land-mark to mariners bound from the ports of Greece to Sicily. The fleets of Athens, after having circumnavigated the Peloponnesus, usually made for Corcyra, whence they steered straight across to the promontory, and then coasted along the south of Italy. It seems from Thucydides (vi. 44) that there was a haven here which afforded a shelter to vessels in tempestuous weather. Now Capo di Bruzzano. " The one 710, the other 734 years B. c.
