u. vi. c. in. $ 7. ITALY. IAPYGIA. TARENTUM. 431 bays [or reaches] being formed within it, so that it resembles in fashion the antlers of a stag, whence its name, for the place, together with the city, is exceedingly like the head of a stag, and in the Messapian language the stag's head is called Brentesium ; while the port of Tarentum is not entirely safe, both on account of its lying very open, and of certain shal- lows near its head. 7. Further, the course for passengers from Greece and Asia is most direct to Brentesium, and in fact all who are journeying to Rome disembark here. Hence there are two ways to Rome ; one, which is only walked by mules, through the Peucetii, who are called Poedicli, the Daunii, and the Samnites, as far as Beneventum, on which road is the city Egnatia, 1 then Celia, 2 Netium, 3 Canusium, 4 and Herdonia. 5 That through Tarentum is a little to the left, it runs about a day's journey round for one traversing the whole distance ; it is called the Appian Way, and is more of a carriage road than the other. On it stands the city Uria, 6 andVenusia; 7 the one [Uria] between Tarentum and Brentesium, the other on the confines of the Samnites and Lucani. Both the roads from Brentesium run into one near Beneventum and Cam- pania, and thence to Rome it receives the name of Appian, and runs through Caudium, 8 Calatia, 9 Capua, 10 and Casilinum, 11 to Sinuessa. 12 The way from thence to Rome has been al- ready described. The whole length of the Appian Way from Rome to Brentesium is 360 miles. There is a third way from Rhegium, through the Bruttii, Lucani, and Samnites, along the chain of the Apennines, into 1 Torre d' Agnazzo. 3 Ceglie, south of Bari. 3 Now Noja; but the identity of this place has been much canvassed. 4 Canosa. 5 Now Ordona, about twelve miles to the east of ^Eca, now Troja. Livy records the defeat of the Roman forces at this place in two suc- cessive years. Hannibal removed the inhabitants and fired the town, (Livy xxvii. 1,) but it was subsequently repaired, and is noticed by Frontinus as Ardona. Ptolemy and Silius Italicus, viii. 568, mention it as Herdonia quosque Obscura inculsis Herdonia misit ab agris. 6 Oria. 7 Venosa. 8 Paolisi. B Le Galazze 10 S. Maria di Capoa. " Capoa Nova.- 12 Monte Dragone, or Mondragone.
