288 STRABO. CASAUB. 542. are said by some writers to be Scythians, by others a tribe of Macedonians, and by others a tribe of Pelasgi. We have already spoken of these people elsewhere. 1 Callisthenes in his comment upon the enumeration of the ships inserts after this verse, "Cromna, .<Egialus, and the lofty Erythini," 2 these lines, " The brave son of Polycles led the Caucones, Who inhabited the well-known dwellings about the river Parthenius," for the territory extends from Heracleia, and the Mariandyni as far as the Leucosyri, whom we call Cappadocians. But the tribe of the Caucones about Tieium extends to the Par- thenius ; that of the Heneti, who occupy Cytorum, 3 imme- diately follows the Parthenius, and even at present some Caucones are living about the Parthenius. 6. Heracleia is a city with a good harbour, and of import- ance in other respects. It has sent out colonies, among which are the Cherronesus, 4 and the Callatis. 5 It was once inde- pendent, afterwards for some time it was under the power of tyrants ; it again recovered its freedom ; but at last, when subject to the Romans, it was governed by kings. It re- ceived a colony of Romans, which was settled in a portion of the city, and of its territory. A little before the battle of Ac- tium, Adiatorix, the son of Domnecleius the tetrarch of Gala- tia, who had received from Antony that portion of the city of which the Heracleiotae were in possession, attacked the Ro- mans by night, and put them to death by the command, as he said, of Antony ; but after the victory at Actium, he was led in triumph, and put to death together with his son. The city belongs to the province of Pontus, which was annexed to Bithynia. ( 7. Between Chalcedon and Heracleia are several rivers, as ihe Psillis, 8 the Calpas, and the Sangarius, of which last the poet makes mention. 7 It has its source at the village Sangias, at the distance of 150 stadia from Pessinus. It flows through 1 B. viii. c. iii. $ 17. 2 II. ii. 855. 3 Kidros. 4 On the bay of the modern Sebastopol, b. vii. c. iv. 2. 5 Mangalia. Some of the smaller mountain streams which descend from the range of hills extending from Scutari to the Sangaria. According to Gossellin the Psillis may be the river near Tschileh, and the Calpas the river near Kerpeh. ' II. xvi. 719.
