splendor of the mercantile system, owing to the discovery and colonization of America, 395; review of the plan by which it proposes to enrich a country, 417; the interest of the consumer constantly sacrificed to that of the producer, 443. See Agriculture, Banks, Capital, Manufactures, Merchant, Money, Stock, Trade, etc.
Commodities, the barter of, insufficient for the mutual supply of the wants of mankind, i. 66; metals found to be the best medium to facilitate the exchange of, 68; labor an invariable standard for the value of, 79; real and nominal prices of, distinguished, 80; the component parts of the prices of, explained and illustrated, 101–102; the natural, and market prices of, distinguished, and how regulated, 107–108; the ordinary proportion between the value of any two commodities, not necessarily the same as between the quantities of them commonly in the market, 317; the price of rude produce, how affected by the advance of wealth and improvement, 324–325.—Foreign commodities are primarily purchased with the produce of domestic industry, ii. 58–59; when advantageously exported in a rude state, even by a foreign capital, 73; the quantity of, in every country, naturally regulated by the demand, 133; wealth in goods, and in money, compared, 136–137; exportation of, to a proper market, always attended with more profit than that of gold and silver, 143; the natural advantages of countries in particular productions, sometimes not possible to struggle against, 163–164.
Company, mercantile, incapable of consulting their true interests when they become sovereigns, ii. 411; an exclusive company, a public nuisance, 417.—Trading, how first formed, iii. 99; regulated, and joint stock companies, distinguished, 100–101; regulated companies in Great Britain, specified, 102; are useless, 103; the constant view of such companies, 105; forts and garrisons, why never maintained by regulated companies, ibid.; the nature of joint stock companies explained, 111–129; a monopoly necessary to enable a joint stock company to carry on a foreign trade, 130; what kind of joint stock companies need no exclusive privileges, 131; joint stock companies, why well adapted to the trade of banking, ibid.; the trade of insurance may be carried on successfully by a stock company, 132; also inland navigations, and the supply of water to a great city, ibid.; ill-success of joint stock companies in other undertakings, 134.
Competition, the effect of, in the purchase of commodities, i. 109; among the venders, 111, 151.
Concordat, in France, its object, iii. 195–196.
Congress, American, its strength owing to the important characters it confers on the members of it, ii. 392.
Conversion price in the payment of rents in Scotland, explained, i. 277–278.
Copper, the standard measure of value among the ancient Romans, i. 87;
