Industry, the different kinds of, seldom dealt impartially with by any nation, i. 41; the species of, frequently local, 60; naturally suited to the demand, 112; is increased by the liberal reward of labor, 143; how affected by seasons of plenty and scarcity, 145; is more advantageously exerted in towns than in the country, 202; the average produce of, always suited to the average consumption, 284; is promoted by the circulation of paper money, 407; three requisites to putting industry in motion, 409.—How the general character of nations is estimated by, ii. 14; and idleness, the proportion between, how regulated, 17; is employed for subsistence, before it extends to conveniences and luxury, 69; whether the general industry of a society is promoted by commercial restraints on importation, 157; private interest naturally points to that employment most advantageous to the society, ibid.; but without intending or knowing it, 159–160; legal regulations of private industry, dangerous assumptions of power, 161; domestic industry ought not to be employed on what can be purchased cheaper from abroad, 162; of the society, can augment only in proportion as its capital augments, 163; when it may be necessary to impose some burden upon foreign industry, to favor that at home, 169–170; the free exercise of industry ought to be allowed to all, 180; the natural effort of every individual to better his condition, will, if unrestrained, result in the prosperity of the society, 277.
Insurance, from fire, and sea risks, the nature and profits of, examined. i. 177.—The trade of insurance may be successfully carried on by a joint stock company, iii. 132–134.
Interest, landed, moneyed and trading, distinguished, ii. 35–36.
Interest, for the use of money, the foundation of that allowance explained, i. 105; historical view of the alterations of, in England and other countries, 152; remarks on the high rates of, in Bengal, 159; and in China, 161; may be raised by defective laws, independent of the influence of wealth or poverty, ibid.; the lowest ordinary rate of, must somewhat more than compensate occasional losses, 162; the common relative proportion between interest and mercantile profits inquired into, 163.—Was not lowered in consequence of the discovery of the American mines, ii. 39; how the legal rate of, ought to be fixed, 43; consequences of its being fixed too high or too low, ibid.; the market rate of, regulates the price of land, 45.—Whether a proper object of taxation, iii. 257–258.
Ireland, why never likely to furnish cattle to the prejudice of Great Britain, ii. 166.—The proposed absentee tax there considered, iii. 325; ought in justice to contribute toward the discharge of the public debt of Great Britain, 398; expediency of a union with Great Britain, ibid.
Isocrates, the handsome income he made by teaching, i. 213.
Italy, the only great country in Europe, which has been cultivated and improved in every part by means of
