151; the operation of high wages and high profits compared, 164; causes of the variations of, in different employments, 167; are generally higher in new, than in old trades, 187, 215; legal regulations of, destroy industry and ingenuity, 224.—Natural effect of a direct tax upon, iii. 281–282.
Walpole, Sir Robert, his excise scheme defended, iii. 312.
Wants of mankind, how supplied through the operation of labor, i. 66; how extended, in proportion to their supply, 253; the far greater part of them supplied from the produce of other men's labor, 381.
Wars, foreign, the funds for the maintenance of, in the present century, have little dependence on the quantity of gold and silver in a nation, ii. 142.—How supported by a nation of hunters, iii. 44; by a nation of shepherds, ibid.; by a nation of husbandmen, 47; men of military age, what proportion they bear to the whole society, 48; feudal wars, how supported, ibid.; causes which in the advanced state of society rendered it impossible for those who took the field, to maintain themselves, 49; how the art of war became a distinct profession, 52; distinction between the militia and regular forces, 54; alteration in the art of war produced by the invention of firearms, 55, 66; importance of discipline, 57; Macedonian army, 58; Carthaginian army, 59; Roman army, 60; feudal armies, 63; a well-regulated standing army the only defence of a civilized country, and the only means for speedily civilizing a barbarous country, 64–65; the want of parsimony during peace, imposes on states the necessity of contracting debts to carry on war, 347, 362; why war is agreeable to those who live secure from the immediate calamities of it, 362–363; advantages of raising the supplies for, within the year, 375–376.
Watch movements, great reduction in the prices of, owing to mechanical improvements, i. 362.
Wealth and money, synonymous terms, in popular language, ii. 125, 153; Spanish and Tartarian estimate of, compared, 125–126.—The great authority conferred by the possession of, iii. 71.
Weavers, the profits of, why necessarily greater than those of spinners, i. 103.
West Indies, discovered by Columbus, ii. 302; how they obtained this name, ibid.; the original native productions of, 303; the thirst of gold the object of all the Spanish enterprises there, 306; and of those of every other European nation, 309; the remoteness of, greatly in favor of the European colonies there, 312; the sugar colonies of France better governed than those of Britain, 340.
Wheat. See Corn.
Window tax in Britain, how rated, iii. 255; tends to reduce house rent, 256.
Windsor Market, chronological table of the prices of corn at, i. 377.
Wine, the cheapness of, would be a cause of sobriety, ii. 211; the carrying trade in, encouraged by English statutes, 223.
