We did not shoot known spies, but we garroted them in the dark and hurried them to jail. That agency of the law is best, after all, which keeps crime from becoming crime. We did not wait for overt acts—we filled our prisons before the acts were done! That is why the public was obliged to romance as to German spies. They are in jail. The report of the Department of Justice itself, of June, 1918, on these war activities will in this connection prove interesting reading:
During the period of American neutrality many persons
were prosecuted for criminal acts connected with efforts to aid
the belligerents. Some of these cases were still pending when
the United States declared war on Germany. A very satisfactory
standard of success was attained in the ante-bellum
prosecutions. Almost before the ink had dried on the proclamation
of April 6, 1917, a select company of dangerous Germans
were gathered in by the United States Marshals. These
prisoners were believed to be potential, and in some cases
actual leaders of pro-German plots and propaganda. Subsequent
discoveries have quite fully confirmed this belief.
Recently a most authoritative document was found to contain
among other matters the names of several gentlemen whom the
German Government trusted to carry on its work here unofficially
after the withdrawal of the official representatives.
Of these, all were arrested on April 6, 1917, save one who had
already left the country. This disposal of the German leaders
had effects which have been continually reflected in the disjointed
and sporadic character of hostile outbreaks.
One of the most recent, most novel, and most important of the Department's efforts is the denaturalization of disloyal citizens of foreign origin. Many natives of Germany or Austria, sheltered from summary internment by their acquired citizenship and clever enough to avoid the commission of actual crime, have insulted and injured this government at every opportunity. Fortunately the naturalization law contains a clause permitting the cancellation of citizenship papers obtained by fraud. Without waiting for further legislation, which is apparently on the way, the Department has assailed a number of defendants believed to have made fraudulent mental reservations of loyalty to their native countries. Several of these cases have already ended victoriously for the government. More than one defeated defendant has been interned.
Meanwhile the summary arrests have continued. From week to week through 1917 their numbers steadily increased. Since
