14,15] THE ATHENIANS REMOVE INTO THE CITY I13 heavy arms. The Phaleric wall extended four miles from Phalerum to the city walls : the portion of the city wall which was guarded was somewhat less than five miles ; that between the Long Wall and the Phaleric requiring no guard. The Long Walls running down to the Piraeus were rather more than four and a half miles in length ; the outer only was guarded. The whole circuit of the Piraeus and of Munychia was not quite seven miles, of which half required a guard. The Athenian cavalry, so Pericles pointed out, numbered twelve hundred, including mounted archers ; the foot-archers, sixteen hundred ; of triremes fit for service the city had three hundred. — The forces of various kinds which Athens possessed at the commence- ment of the war, when the first Peloponnesian invasion was impending, cannot be estimated at less. — To these Pericles added other arguments, such as he was fond of using, which were intended to prove to the Athenians that victory was certain- The citizens were persuaded, and brought into the city 14 their children and wives, their house- The citizens Jolloiving hold goods, and even the wood-work of his advice, gather mto their houses, which they took down. *h^"*y Their flocks and beasts of burden they conveyed to Euboea and the adjacent islands. The removal of the inhabitants was painful ; for the Athenians had always been accustomed to reside in the ~^ country. Such a life had been characteristic of them, 15 more than of any other Hellenic , ^ , . T iU but rcluctantlw for they people, from very early times. In the j.^^ cva loved a country days of Cecrops and the first kings, ufe. In old times they down to the reign of Theseus, Attica ^'-•^'^ '" separate com- . . , , . , • munes, until Ihiseus was divided into communes, having ^^^^.^^^^ ^/,^,,, ,„/^ ^,^^ their own town halls and magistrates, out city of Athens. Except in case of alarm the whole people did not assemble in council under the king, but administered their own affairs, and advised together in their several townships. Some of them at times even VOL. I. I
