4. A. Ruta muraria. Wall-rue Spleenwort, White Maidenhair.
Sm.Eng. Fl. iv. 309; Eng. Bot. 150; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 156; Bolt. Fil. t. 16; With. iii. 999; Berwick Flora, ii. 16.
On rocks on Boldon and Cleadon Hills, and at Castle Eden Dene, also on walls at Gibside and near Hilton Castle, and at the Roman station near Lanchester, D. On Ovingham Church walls, and on the Roman Wall at Shewing Shields, also at Alnwick, N. On the bridge at Corbridge, and on the church wall at Simonburn, N. — Wallis, 249.
5. A. Adiantum nigrum. Black Maidenhair, Spleenwort.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 310; Bolt. Fil. t. 17; Eng. Bot. 1950; Berwick Flora, ii. 16; Gr. Fl. Eds. 219; With. iii. 1000.
β Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 311; Pluk. Phyt. t. 282, f. 3.
α On the walls of Blanchland Church, and on crags at West Dipton near Hexham, on the Town walls of Newcastle, and rocks at Warkworth Hermitage and walls at Alnwick, also near Haltwhistle, N. In the Freestone quarry on the west side of Hallbarns, and in the wood at Blakelaw opposite Low Moralee near Wark in Tynedale Wallis, 248. On the sea banks beyond Hudshead, and on Chapel Crags near Belford. — Dr. Thompson. Near Berwick, not rare, N. — Dr. G. Johnston. On rocks in Cawsey Dene, and near the High Force Teesdale, also on walls at Lumley Castle, D. On ruins at Bear's Park, D. — Rev. J. Symons. β on rocks
at Cocken, D., rare.
13. ASPIDIUM.
1. A. Lonchitis. Rough Alpine Shield-fern.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 284; Hook. Fl. Scot. 153; Polypodium Lonchitis, Eng. Bot. 797; Bolt. Fil. t. 19; With. iii. 1004.
In fissures of rocks between Widdy Bank and Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, D.
First found by the Rev. J. Harriman.
2. A. Oreopteris. Heath Shield-fern, Fragrant-fern.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 286; Gr. Fl. Eds. 222; Berwick Flora, ii. 11; Polypodinm Oreopteris, Eng. Bot. 1019; With. iii. 1005; P. Thelypteris, Bolt. Fil. 40, 22, f. 1, 2.
In the west quarries near Spring Gardens, Newcastle, and at the foot of Cheviot above Langley Ford, N. In Cawsey Wood, on Gateshead Fell, on Beamish Moor, near Urpeth, and on the banks of Pont Bourn, also in Waskerley Dene, and near Medomsley and Darlington, D. On the banks of Derwent above Blanchland, and of Beldon and Nuckton Bourns, D. and N. In Arngill, D. — Mr. J. Backhouse.
3. A. Filix-mas. Male Fern, Male Shield-fern.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 288; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 154; Lond. t. 40; Eng. Bot. 1458; Berwick Flora, ii. 11; A. cristatum, Eng. Bot. 1949; Polypodium Felix-mas, Woodv. t. 49; Bolt. Fil. t. 44.
In woods, denes, and on hedge banks, common.
4. A. lobatum. Close-leaved Prickly Shield-fern.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 291; Eng. Bot. 1563; Berwick Flora, ii. 11; Forster, Tonbr. 118; A. aculeatum, Hook. Fl. Scot ii. 154; Br. Fl. 443; Gr. Fl. Eds. 221; Polypodium lobatum, Hudson, 459.
β P. Lonchitidi affinis, Ray. Syn., 2d ed., 48; Aspidium aculeatum β, Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 290.
α and β in woods and denes, common; β being the plant in a young state.
Though A. lobatum is common in every wood in these counties, I have never met with A. aculeatum, or its variety, A. angulare, which grow in the dene above and below the Pease Bridge in Berwickhire.— See Berwick Flora. In the south of England it is common.
5. A. dilatatum. Great Crested Shield-fern.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 293; Eng. Bot. 1461; Forster, Tonbr. 119; Berwick Flora, ii. 14; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 154; Polypodium cristatum, Bolt. Fil. t. 23; With. iii. 1010.
β A. spinulosum, Eng. Bot. t. 1460; Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 292; Forster's Tonb. 119; Swartz, Syn. Fil. 54, according to specimens from the Author.
α In woods and denes, frequent. β in Cawsey Wood, D. On Shaftoe Crags near Wallington, N.
β Should scarcely be considered a variety, being merely the young state of the plant.
6. A. Filix-foemina. Female Shield-fern.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 295; Eng. Bot. 1459; Berwick Flora, ii. 14; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 155; Polypodium Filix-foemina, Hudson, 458; Bolt. Fil. t. 25.
In woods, denes, and under hedges, frequent.
14. POLYPODIUM.
1. P. vulgare. Common Polypody.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 280; Eng. Bot. 1149; Woodv. Supp. 271; Bolt. Fil. t. 18; Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 68; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 153; Berwick Flora, ii. 10.
On old walls, shady banks, and the trunks of trees.
2. P. Phegopteris. Pale Mountain Polypody.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 282; Eng. Bot. 2224; Bolt. Fil. t. 20; Gr.Fl. Eds. 222; With. iii. 1005; Berwick Flora, ii. 10.
In Cawsey Wood and Waskerley Dene, D. In Cowclose and Arngills, D. — Mr. Jas. Backhouse. On rocks at the foot of Cheviot, above Langley Ford, and at Shewing-shields, N. On the banks of Derwent, of Nuckton and Beldon Bourns above Blanchland, N. and D. On the banks of Fallowlees Bourn, and on moors near Wallington, N.—
W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
3. P. Dryopteris. Tender Three-branched Polypody.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 282; Eng. Bot. 616; Bolt. Fil. t. 28; Gr. Fl. Eds. 222; With. iii. 1012; Berwick Flora, ii. 11.
In Cawsey Wood, Feldon and Waskerly Denes, Howns Wood, and above Winch Bridge Teesdale, D. In Arngill and woods near Darlington, D. — Mr. J. Backhouse. In Walbottle and Scotswood Denes, on rocks at the foot of Cheviot above Langley Ford, at Shewing-shields, and West Dipton near Hexham, also near Alnwick, N. On the banks of the Derwent, and of Nuckton and Beldon Bourns, N. and D. On the banks of Fallowlees Bourn, near Hartburn, and on the south bank of the Wansbeck south of Wallington, also in Twizell Dene, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
15. WOODSIA.
1. W. ilvensis. Oblong Woodsia.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 322; Brown, Linn. Tr. xi. 173; Polypodium ilvense, Swartz, Syn. Fil. 39.
At the foot of the Basaltic rocks on the Durham side of the river Tees about two hundred yards below
