PUBLIC LAW 104-303—OCT. 12, 1996 110 STAT. 3703 "(3) SEPARABLE ELEMENT. —The term 'separable element' has the mesining provided by section 103(f) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2213(f)). "(4) SHORE. —The term 'shore' includes each shoreline of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, the Gulf of Mexico, the Great Lakes, and lakes, estuaries, and bays directly connected therewith. "(5) SHORE PROTECTION PROJECT. —The term 'shore protection project' includes a project for beach nourishment, including the replacement of sand.". (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—The Act entitled "An Act authorizing Federal participation in the cost of protecting the shores of publicly owned property", approved August 13, 1946, is amended— (A) in subsection (b)(3) of the 1st section (33 U.S.C. 426e(b)(3))— (i) by striking "of the Army, acting through the Chief of Engineers,"; and (ii) by striking the final period; (B) in subsection (e) of the 1st section by striking "section 3" and inserting "section 3 or 5"; and (C) in section 3 (33 U.S.C. 426g) by striking "Secretary of the Army" and inserting "Secretary". (f) OBJECTIVES OF PROJECTS.—Section 209 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 1962-2; 84 Stat. 1829) is amended by inserting "(including shore protection projects such as projects for beach nourishment, including the replacement of sand)" after "water resource projects". SEC. 228. CONDITIONS FOR PROJECT DEAUTHORIZATIONS. (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 1001(b)(2) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 579a(b)(2); 100 Stat. 4201) is amended— (1) in the 1st sentence by striking "10" and inserting "7"; (2) in the 2d sentence by striking "Before" and inserting "Upon"; and (3) in the last sentence by inserting "the planning, design, or" before "construction". (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— Section 52 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1988 (102 Stat. 4044) is amended— (1) by striking subsection (a) (33 U.S.C. 579a note); (2) by redesignating subsections (b) through (e) as subsections (a) through (d), respectively; and (3) in subsection (d) (as so redesignated) by striking "or subsection (a) of this section". SEC. 229. SUPPORT OF ARMY CIVIL WORKS PROGRAM. 33 USC 2313b. (a) GENERAL AUTHORITY.— In carrying out research and development in support of the civil works program of the Department of the Army, the Secretary may utilize contracts, cooperative research and development agreements, cooperative agreements, and grants with non-Federal entities, including State and local governments, colleges and universities, consortia, professional and technical societies, public and private scientific and technical foundations, research institutions, educational organizations, and nonprofit organizations. (b) COMMERCIAL APPLICATION.—With respect to contracts for research and development, the Secretary may include requirements
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