PUBLIC LAW 107-71—NOV. 19, 2001 115 STAT. 639 Research Projects Agency. Grants may be awarded under this section for— (1) research and development of longer-term improvements to airport security, including advanced weapons detection; (2) secure networking and sharing of threat information between Federal agencies, law enforcement entities, and other appropriate parties; (3) advances in biometrics for identification and threat assessment; or (4) other technologies for preventing acts of terrorism in aviation. SEC. 138. EMPLOYMENT INVESTIGATIONS AND RESTRICTIONS. (a) IN GENERAL.— Section 44936 of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) by inserting "and a review of available law enforcement data bases and records of other governmental and international agencies to the extent determined practicable by the Under Secretary of Transportation for Transportation Security," after "check" in subsection (a)(1)(A); (2) by striking "in any case described in subparagraph (C)" in subsection (a)(1)(B) and inserting "and a review of available law enforcement data bases and records of other governmental and international agencies to the extent determined practicable by the Under Secretary of Transportation for Transportation Security"; (3) by striking "will be" in subsection (a)(l)(B)(i) and inserting "are"; (4) by striking "and" after the semicolon in clause (ii) of subsection (a)(1)(B); (5) by redesignating clause (iii) of subsection (a)(1)(B) as clause (iv); (6) by inserting after clause (ii) of subsection (a)(1)(B) the following: "(iii) individuals who regularly have escorted access to aircraft of an air carrier or foreign air carrier or a secured area of an airport in the United States the Administrator designates that serves an air carrier or foreign air carrier; and"; (7) by striking subparagraphs (C), (D), and (E) of subsection (a)(1) and redesignating subparagraph (F) as subparagraph (D); (8) by inserting after subparagraph (B) of subsection (a)(1) the following: "(C) BACKGROUND CHECKS OF CURRENT EMPLOYEES. — "(i) A new background check (including a criminal history record check and a review of available law enforcement data bases and records of other governmental and international agencies to the extent determined practicable by the Under Secretary of Transportation for Transportation Security shall be required for any individual who is employed in a position described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) on the date of enactment of the Aviation and Transportation Security Act. "(ii) The Under Secretary may provide by order (without regard to the provisions of chapter 5 of title
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