THE ADVISORY COUNCIL OF THE VICTORIA HISTORY His GRACE THE LORD ARCH- SIR FREDERICK POLLOCK, BART., BISHOP OF CANTERBURY LL.D., F.S.A., ETC. His GRACE THE DUKE OF SIR JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., D.C.L., BEDFORD, K.G. LL.D., F.R.S., ETC. President of the Zoological Society His GRACE THE DUKE OF DEVON- SHIRE, K.G. Chancellor of the University of Cam- bridge His GRACE THE DUKE OF RUTLAND, K.G. His GRACE THE DUKE OF SIR EDWARD MAUNDE THOMP- SON, K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., F.S.A., ETC. Director of the British Museum SIR CLEMENTS R. MARKHAM, K.C.B., F.R.S., F.S.A. President of the Royal Geographical Society SIR HENRY C. MAXWELL-LYTE, K.C.B., M.A., F.S.A., ETC. Keeper of the Public Recordt PORTLAND, K.G. His GRACE THE DUKE OF ARGYLL, K.T. THE RT. HON. THE EARL OF COL. SIR J. FARQUHARSON, K.C.B. ROSEBERY, K.G., K.T. SIR Jos. HOOKER, G.C.S.I., M.D., ^ D u -r 17 D.C.L., F.R.S., ETC. THE RT. HON. THE EARL OF COVENTRY President of the Royal Agricultural F.R.S., ETC. SIR ARCHIBALD GEIKIE, LL.D., Society REV. J. CHARLES Cox, LL.D., THE RT. HON. THE VISCOUNT F.S.A., ETC. ^President of the Society of L ' N * L A CuST > M.V.O., M.A., Antiquaries THE RT. HON. THE LORD LISTER Late President of the Royal Society THE RT. HON. THE LORD ALVERSTONE, G.C.M.G. Lord Chief Justice THE HON. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, M.P. F.S.A., ETC. Director of the National Portrait Gallery CHARLES H. FIRTH, M.A., LL.D. Regius Professor of Modern History, Oxford ALBERT C. L. G. GUNTHER, M. A., M.D., F.R.S., PH.D. Late President of the Linnean Society F. HAVERFIELD, M.A., LL.D., F.S.A. COL. DUNCAN A. JOHNSTON, C.B., R.E. Late Director General of the Ordnance Survey PROF. E. RAY LANKESTER, M.A., F.R.S., ETC. Director of the Natural History Museum, South Kensington REGINALD L. POOLE, M.A. University Lecturer in Diplomatic, Oxford ]. HORACE ROUND, M.A., LL.D. WALTER RYE W. H. ST. JOHN HOPE, M.A. Assistant Secretary of the Society oj Antiquaries Among the original members of the Council were THE LATE MARQJJESS OF SALISBURY THE LATE DR. MANDELL CREIGHTON, BISHOP OF LONDON THE LATE DR. STUBBS, BISHOP OF OXFORD THE LATE LORD ACTON THE LATE SIR WILLIAM FLOWER and THE LATE PROFESSOR F. YORK POWELL General Editor WILLIAM PACE, F.S.A. GENERAL ADVERTISEMENT The VICTORIA HISTORY of the Counties of England is a National Historic Survey which, under the direction of a large staff comprising the foremost students in science, history, and archzology, is designed to record the history of every county of England in detail. This work was, by gracious permission, dedicated to Her late Majesty Queen Victoria, who gave it her own name. It is the endeavour of all who are associated with the undertaking to make it a worthy and permanent monument to her memory. Rich as every county of England is in materials for local history, there has hitherto been no attempt made to bring all these materials together into a coherent form. Although from the seventeenth century down to quite recent times numerous county histories have been issued, they are very unequal in merit ; the best of them are very rare and costly ; most of them are imperfect and many are now out of date. Moreover, they were the work of one or two isolated scholars, who, however scholarly, could not possibly deal adequately with all the varied subjects which go to the making of a county history. VII
