MOLLUSCS A coastal county with numerous estuaries, marshes, streams, and many woodlands and heaths, Essex is an ideal spot from the molluscan point of view. Accordingly we find that out of a possible 139 species for the whole of the British Islands 1 10 are now living in the area while 10 more have been met with in the numerous Post-pliocene deposits, viz. Vitrea excavata, Helicella cartusiana^ Acanthinula lamellata, Pupa ang/ica, Vertigo minufissima, V. a/pesfris, V. angustior, Clausilia rolphii, Succinea oblonga and Acicula line at a. Some of these, and one or two more slugs, may yet be discovered in the county. In addition the Post-pliocene deposits have yielded the following which no longer live in this country, viz. Pyramidula ruderata^ Eulota fruticum, Paludestrina marginata, Unto littoralis and Corbicula fluminalisy with two entirely extinct forms Vivipara clacktonensis and Pisidium astartoides. The notable absentees from the list are consequently the species peculiar to the south-western portions of England. The principal sources of information are papers by Mr. W. M. Webb, A. S. Kennard and B. B. Woodward in the Essex Naturalist, vol. x. 1897. A. GASTROPODA I. PULMONATA Anon ater (Linn.) a. STYLOMMATOPHORA ' horten " s > .f* r> . . circumscrtptuS) John. Teitactlla kaliotidea, Drap. Sisted, Widford subfuscus (Drap.). Warley scutulum, Sby. Buckhurst Hill ; Wanstead Punctum pygmaum (Drap.) Limax maximus, Linn. Pryamidula rupeitris (Drap.). Barking Side flavin^ Linn. - rotundata (Mall.) arborum, Bouch.-Chant. Saling ; Chignal ; Helicella virgata (Da C.) Weald Hall Park, Brentwood ; Ingrave itala (Linn.) Agriolimax agrestis (Linn.) captrata (Mont.) LeviSj Mflll. Wanstead ; Warley ; Hal- cantiana (Mont.) stead ; Chelmsford Hygromia fusca (Mont.). Saffron Walden Amalia sowerbii (Fer.). Barking Side ; Chelms- granulate (Aid.) ford ; Brentwood hispida (Linn.) Vitrina pellucida (Mall.) rufesctns (Penn.) Vitrea crystallina (Mall.) Acanthinula aculeata (Mflll.) alliaria (Miller) Vallonia pulthella (Mall.) glabra (Brit. Auct.) Helicigona lapicida (Linn.) cellaria (Mall.) arbuitorwn (Linn.) nitidula (Drap.) Helix aspersa, Mall. pura (Aid.) pomatia. Linn. Great Bardfield ; Chappel ; radiatula (Aid.) Chalkney Wood ; Witham ; Chignal nitida (Mall.) Smealey fuhia (Mall.) nemoralit, Linn. I 89 12
