A HISTORY OF LONDON materials were found near the wall, and a layer of burnt wood under the foundation of a coarse pavement which bore witness to a fire in the Roman period.' Fragment of early Rutenian pottery in British Museum (Roach Smith) ; in the Guildhall Museum an arm in terra-cotta [Cat. 50] and a leaden coffin-lid [Cat. 12]. A fras;ment of the wall unearthed in March, 1 900 [Land. and. Midd. Arch. Soc. Trans. (new ser.),"i, pt. 4, p. 351, with plate; Antiq. xxxvi, 314]. In the Jntiq. xii (1885), 96, a woodcut is given of a fragment formerly visible adjoining St. Martin's Church [see also Archer, Vestiges of Old London, pi. 8 ; Hartridge, Coll. Newsp. Cuttings, Old Land, i, 290, and p. 68, above]. See also Newgate Street. Old Change. — Fragment of Gaulish pottery in British Museum with stamp of Rutenian potter Secundus (Roach-Smith). Old Jewry. — See St. Olave's, Old Jewry. Pancras Lane (Plan C, 131). — Bones, burnt wood, and small pieces of pavement found in cellars in 1794 [Gent. Mag. (1795), ii, 986 ; Allen, Hist, of Lond. i, 29]. Paternoster Row. — About 1834-6 a shaft was sunk to a depth of 18 ft., until 'operations were checked by a stone wall of intense hardness running towards the centre of St. Paul's ' (Plan C, 195). Finds included coins of Vespasian and Domitian, a Gaulish dish with stamp of. modesti (in British Museum) and iron tools. In the wall were cemented two large sea-shells [Arch, xxvii, 150]. In 1839-41, at a depth of 12 ft., a pavement was found extending for 40 ft., with birds and beasts in compartments within a border of guilloche and rosettes (Plan C, 197) ; this was subsequently destroyed. With it were found amphorae, glass vessels, and bone hairpins, and below, a skeleton in a framework of tiles as at Bow Lane (pp. 22, 92) [ibid, xxix, 155 ; Morgan, Rom. Brit. Mosaic Pavements, 184]. In 1843 P^""* of another pavement, with birds and beasts within a guilloche border, was found at a depth of 12 ft. 6 in. in erecting the Religious Tract Society's premises (at the corner of Cannon Row (Plan C, 198), with pottery and coins (Claudius, Faustina, Commodus) [Gent. Mag. (1843), ii, 81 ; Rom. Brit. Rem. i, 200 ; Illus. Rom. Lond. 57 ; Arch, xxvi, 396; xxix, 155]. In 1884 parts of a glass vessel and a Gaulish ornamented bowl, an ivory knife ornamented with a head, and an ivory disc, supposed to be for use in some game, were exhibited to the British Archaeological Association [fourn. xl, 221], a lamp in 1887 [Arch. "Journ. xxxiv, 301], and in 1889 a bronze balance-beam, fragment of Gaulish bowl with eagle and bowl of ijlack ware [^ourn. Brit. Arch. Assoc, xliv, 357]. Fragments of Gaulish and Romano-British Pottery in British Museum (one with stamp of Gemmatus), mostly of the second century ; one in Guildhall with stamp aciir • F [Cat. 570]. Paternoster Square (formerly Newgate Market) (Plan C, 203). — At the north-west corner were found in 1884, at a depth of 16 ft., part of a plain pavement and various forms of tiles, including flue-tiles and hypocaust pillars ; some of the flat tiles were scored with patterns [Journ. Brit. Arch. Assoc, xl, 123, 210 ; Arch, xxix, 155]. A cinerary urn in the Mayhew Collection [Cat. 16 ; see p. 6] and a plain vase in the Guildhall Museum [Cat. 128]. Philpot Lane (Plan C, 32). — Fragments of glass and Gaulish pottery exhibited to the British Archaeological Association in 1853, '^'^^ °^ ^^^ latter stamped tvffo [?] ; another with the VR figure of a woman [foum. ix, 190]. A fragment of trachyte found in 1845, inscribed I • II, now in British Museum. Fragments of Gaulish pottery in British Museum (first and second century, stamps of Virilis and Divicatus), also fragments of German ware (stamp of Reginus), Castor ware, painted Romano-British ware, late stamped ware from North-east Gaul, and a black-ware jar with hatched patterns ; also a bronze stop-cock from a fountain [Illus. Rom. Lond. 145 ; Cat. Lond. Antiq. 71, No. 314]. Two plain vases in Guildhall [Cat. 23, 33]- Playhouse Yard, Blackfriars (Plan C, 58). — In 1843 a portion of the old wall was unearthed (p. 69) and a monument erected to a speculator of the second legion named Celsus was discovered. It forms the upper part of a large cippus, and to judge by the lettering, which is good, though small and much worn, dates from the first century. It bears the inscription : — Bvs [Dis mani]bus • • • er • L • F • G • • celsv • [Faf]er • L.F. G[al.' Celsu[s] • PEC • LEG • • • VG • Ai ■ • • [s]pec{ulator) leg[ionis) [IL a]ug{ustae) A[nto- N • DARDANVS • cv [«('«4 Dardanus culrator"] • ■ ERIVS • PVDENS [Varerius Pudens • • PROBVS • SP. C • L • • [Terentius] Probus sp[e'c[u']l[atores' [eiusdem heredes factundum curarunt^ 118
