I. ALLGEMEINES UND SPRACHE. 4. VEDIC GRAMMAR. representing the sonant nasal appears for an before consonants, while before vowels the root, by syncopation of its vowel, assumes the form of -ghn-. The N. sing. n. of -han is -ha-m, a transition to the a-declension (for -ha, which does not occur). I 202 Inflexion. 324. All forms are represented in this declension except Ab. sing., the weak cases of the du., and the D. Ab. pl. The forms made from -han- are: Sing. N. -há², A.-hánam, I. -ghná, D. -ghné, G. -ghnás, L. -ghní, V. -han. Du. N. A. -hána, -hánau (VS. TS.), V. -hana. Pl. N. hánas, A. -ghnás, I. -hábhis. The G. would be ghnám and the L. -hásu according to the analogy of other stems in this declension. The forms of radical n-stems which occur are the following: · Sing. N. m. aghaśamsa-há 'slaying the wicked', adrsta-há 'slaying unseen (vermin)', abhimati-há 'destroying adversaries', amitra-há 'killing enemies', amiva-há destroying pains', arusa-há 'striking the dark (cloud), á-vīra-ha 'not slaying men', asasti-há 'averting curses', asura-há 'demon-slaying', ahi-há 'killing the serpent, krsti-há 'subduing nations', go-há 'killing cattle', dasyu-há 'destroying the Dasyus', durņāma-há (AV.) 'destroying the ill-named', nr-há 'killing men', puro-há 'destroying strongholds'³, prśni--há (AV.) 'slaying the speckled (snake)', mano-há (AV.) 'mind-destroying', musti-ha striking with the fist', yatu-há (AV.) 'destroying witchcraft', rakso-há 'destroying demons', vasar-há 'destroying at dawn', vrtra-há 'Vrtra-slaying', śarya-há 'killing with arrows', satra-há 'destroying entirely', sapatna-há ‘slaying rivals', sapta-há 'slaying seven'. n. Only two transition forms occur: vrtra-há-m and - - satra-há-mt. A. m. á-pra-haṇam 5 'not hurting', abhimati-hánam, ahi-hánam, tamo- hánam 'dispelling darkness', dasyu-hánam, rakso-hánams, valaga-hánam 'destroying secret spells' (VS. v. 23), mano-hánam (AV.), vīra-háṇam 5 (VS. xxx. 5) 'homicide', vrtra-háṇam 5, satrā-háṇams, sapatna-hánam (AV.). I. m. vrtra-ghná“. n. dasyu-ghná. f. taná (once) and tánā7 - - (19 times). I. D. m. ráṇe7; abhimāti-ghné (VS. vi. 32), asura-ghné“, ahi-ghné, nr-ghné“, makha-ghné (TS. III. 2. 4. 2), 'slayer of Makha', vrtra-ghné6. f. táne 7. G. m. go-şanas (in the V. goşano napat); asura-ghnás6, vytra-ghnás6. L. m. sváni8 (Ix. 669), tuvi-sváni; bhruna-ghní (AV.) 'killer of an embryo'. Without an ending: ránº. V. m. amitra-han, ahi-han, vṛtra-han. Du. N. A. V. tamo-hána, rakṣo-hána 5, vrtra-háṇā, V. vrtra-hana 5. With -au : rakṣo-hánau (VS. v. 25), valaga-hánau (VS. v. 25; TS. I. 3. 2²). Pl. N. V. m. V. tuvi-svanas; a-bhog-ghánas¹0 'striking the niggardly one', punar-hánas 5 destroying in return', yajña-hánas (TS.) 'destroying sacrifice', satru-hánass 'slaying enemies'. A. m. sata-ghnás (AV.) 'gain-destroying'. With strong form: rakṣo-hánas5 and valaga-hánas (VS. v. 25; TS. 1. 3. 2²). I. m. vytra-hábhis. – G. m. vanám. - L. m. rámsu, vámsu7. 1 The forms made from -ghna-, viz. -ghnás, | -ghnám, -ghnaya, -gnásya, -ghne, are probably to be explained as transition forms starting from the weak stem -ghn-. 2 Formed like the N. of derivative -an stems (327). 3 That is, puras, A. pl. of pur-, the case termination being retained. 4 The normal forms would be *vṛtra-há and *satra-há. 5 See above 47, A b 2 (p. 39). 6 See above p. 38, note 4. 7 Against the rule of accentuation in monosyllabic stems (94). This form may, however, be the 3.sing. passive aor. See below 501, note on sắdi. 9 With loss of the loc. ending as in the -an declension (325). 10 -ghanas for-hánas, see above 80, 81.
