CHAPTER V.
ADMINISTRATION OF VICEROYS ESCALONA, PALAFOX, AND SALVATIERRA.
1640-1648.
Viceroy Escalona's Arrival — The Bishop and Visitador Palafox — Quarrels about Doctrinas — A Covetous Ruler — Fruitless Complaints — Startling News from Portugal — Escalona's Sympathies — An Insolent Captain — Viceroy versus Bishop — Palafox Made Archbishop and Governor of New Spain — Secret Preparations — The Stroke against Escalona — His Vindication in Spain — Palafox an Able Viceroy — Iconoclasm — Episcopal Labors at Puebla — Viceroy Salvatierra Arrives — California Explorations — Salvatierra's Rule.
Satisfactory as the rule of Viceroy Cadereita had been, the crown had, as it seems, some motive for his removal,[1] and the appointment of a successor was resolved upon. Diego Lopez Pacheco Cabrera y Bobadilla, duque de Escalona and marqués de Villena, a grandee of Spain,[2] was the personage selected as seventeenth viceroy. He arrived at Vera Cruz the 24th of June 1640, though festivities in that city and at several points on the road delayed his entry into the capital until the 28th of August.[3] In the same fleet came the new bishop of Puebla and visitador general for New Spain, Juan de Palafox y Mendoza, with a
- ↑ Troubles with Archbishop Manso y Zùniga may have been the cause. The reprimand of the audiencia would also indicate grounds for complaint.
- ↑ He was the first grandee that ever held the viceroyalty of New Spain. Calle Mem. y Not., 56. Escalona was a relative to the dukes of Braganza in Portugal.
- ↑ Vetancurt, Trat. Mex., 14, followed by Cavo, Tres Siglos, ii. 12; Lorenzana. Hist. N. Esp., 22-.3. Mayer, Mex. Aztec, i. 198, and Ribera, Hist. Jalapa, i. 91, state that his entry into Mexico was made four days after his arrival at Vera Cruz.
